ArticleScientific reports2017
Fractal Electrodes as a Generic Interface for Stimulating Neurons.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impedimetric Analysis of the Photocatalysis-Assisted Response of Patterned TiOSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolution of Retinal Neuron Fractality When Interfacing with Carbon Nanotube Electrodes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Fractal Electronics for Stimulating and Sensing Neural Networks: Enhanced Electrical, Optical, and Cell Interaction Properties.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Article
- Fractal Microelectrodes for More Energy-Efficient Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
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- Comparison of fractal and grid electrodes for studying the effects of spatial confinement on dissociated retinal neuronal and glial behavior.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Graphene coated dielectric resonator antenna for modeling the photoreceptors at visible spectrum.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Article
- Investigation of Fractal Carbon Nanotube Networks for Biophilic Neural Sensing Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- How neurons exploit fractal geometry to optimize their network connectivity.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Novel Electrode Designs for Neurostimulation in Regenerative Medicine: Activation of Stem Cells.Bioelectricity · 2020Review
- The Roles of an Aluminum Underlayer in the Biocompatibility and Mechanical Integrity of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes for Interfacing with Retinal Neurons.Micromachines · 2020Article
- Article
- Characteristics of prosthetic vision in rats with subretinal flat and pillar electrode arrays.Journal of neural engineering · 2019Article
- A healthy dose of chaos: Using fractal frameworks for engineering higher-fidelity biomedical systems.Biomaterials · 2019Review
- Electrochemical Evaluations of Fractal Microelectrodes for Energy Efficient Neurostimulation.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Modeling the Improved Visual Acuity Using Photodiode Based Retinal Implants Featuring Fractal Electrodes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The prospect of replacing damaged body parts with artificial implants is being transformed from science fiction to science fact through the increasing application of electronics to interface with human neurons in the limbs, the brain, and the retina. We propose bio-inspired electronics which adopt the fractal geometry of the neurons they interface with. Our focus is on retinal implants, although performance improvements will be generic to many neuronal types. The key component is a multifunctional electrode; light passes through this electrode into a photodiode which charges the electrode. Its electric field then stimulates the neurons. A fractal electrode might increase both light transmission and neuron proximity compared to conventional Euclidean electrodes. These advantages are negated if the fractal's field is less effective at stimulating neurons. We present simulations demonstrating how an interplay of fractal properties generates enhanced stimulation; the electrode voltage necessary to stimulate all neighboring neurons is over 50% less for fractal than Euclidean electrodes. This smaller voltage can be achieved by a single diode compared to three diodes required for the Euclidean electrode's higher voltage. This will allow patients, for the first time, to see with the visual acuity necessary for navigating rooms and streets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.