ArticleCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2017
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection promotes differentiation and polarization of monocytes into tumor-associated macrophages.
Article in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virus infections and cancers: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Model Systems of Gammaherpesvirus Infection, Immunity, and Disease.Journal of medical virology · 2025Review
- Targeting of TAMs: can we be more clever than cancer cells?Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Analysis of tumor infiltrating immune cells in Kaposi sarcoma lesions discovers shifts in macrophage populations.Global health & medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Virally encoded interleukin-6 facilitates KSHV replication in monocytes and induction of dysfunctional macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Macrophages drive KSHV B cell latency.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Kaposi Sarcoma, a Trifecta of Pathogenic Mechanisms.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteins in Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Their Applications in Cancers.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- KSHV infection skews macrophage polarisation towards M2-like/TAM and activates Ire1 α-XBP1 axis up-regulating pro-tumorigenic cytokine release and PD-L1 expression.British journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Role of Angiopoietins in Development of Cancer and Neoplasia Associated with Viral Infection.Cells · 2020Review
- Cells of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems in Kaposi's Sarcoma.Journal of immunology research · 2020Review
- Heterogeneous macrophages: Supersensors of exogenous inducing factors.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2019Review
- HIV and the Macrophage: From Cell Reservoirs to Drug Delivery to Viral Eradication.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) promote angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis, and suppression of anti-tumor immunity. These myeloid cells originate from monocytes, which differentiate into TAMs upon exposure to the local tumor microenvironment. We previously reported that Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) infection of endothelial cells induces the cytokine angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) to promote migration of monocytes into tumors. Here we report that KSHV infection of endothelial cells induces additional cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-13 (IL-13) that drive monocytes to differentiate and polarize into TAMs. The KSHV-induced TAMs not only express TAM-specific markers such as CD-163 and legumain (LGMN) but also display a gene expression profile with characteristic features of viral infection. More importantly, KSHV-induced TAMs enhance tumor growth in nude mice. These results are consistent with the strong presence of TAMs in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) tumors. Therefore, KSHV infection of endothelial cells generates a local microenvironment that not only promotes the recruitment of monocytes but also induces their differentiation and polarization into TAMs. These findings reveal a new mechanism of KSHV contribution to KS tumor development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.