ArticleScientia Iranica. Transactions D, Computer science & engineering, electrical engineering2011
The tongue display unit (TDU) for electrotactile spatiotemporal pattern presentation.
Article in Scientia Iranica. Transactions D, Computer science & engineering, electrical engineering, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- A feasibility study on the use of cranial nerve non-invasive neuromodulation to improve affected arm function in people in the chronic stage of a stroke.BMC neurology · 2025Trial
- Non-invasive neuromodulation to improve gait in chronic multiple sclerosis: a randomized double blind controlled pilot trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2014Trial
- Virtual tactile feedback technology based on microcurrent stimulation: current status, challenges and future prospects.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Artificial Tongue Embedded with Conceptual Receptor for Rubber Gustatory Sensor by Electrolytic Polymerization Technique with Utilizing Hybrid Fluid (HF).Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- BCI-FES With Multimodal Feedback for Motor Recovery Poststroke.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Cranial Nerve Noninvasive Neuromodulation in Adults With Neurological Conditions: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Backward spatial perception can be augmented through a novel visual-to-auditory sensory substitution algorithm.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Blindness and the Reliability of Downwards Sensors to Avoid Obstacles: A Study with the EyeCane.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Electropneumotactile Stimulation: Multimodal Haptic Actuators Enabled by a Stretchable Conductive Polymer on Inflatable Pockets.Advanced materials technologies · 2020Article
- Virtual Texture Generated using Elastomeric Conductive Block Copolymer in Wireless Multimodal Haptic Glove.Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2020Article
- Poor resolution at the back of the tongue is the bottleneck for spatial pattern recognition.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Opportunities and Pitfalls in Applying Emotion Recognition Software for Persons With a Visual Impairment: Simulated Real Life Conversations.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2019Article
- Article
- Ipsilesional Mu Rhythm Desynchronization and Changes in Motor Behavior Following Post Stroke BCI Intervention for Motor Rehabilitation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Conveying facial expressions to blind and visually impaired persons through a wearable vibrotactile device.PloS one · 2018Article
- Reduction of Prolonged Excessive Pressure in Seated Persons With Paraplegia Using Wireless Lingual Tactile Feedback: A Randomized Controlled Trial.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2018Article
- Behavioral Outcomes Following Brain-Computer Interface Intervention for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Article
- Perceived Intensity and Discrimination Ability for Lingual Electrotactile Stimulation Depends on Location and Orientation of Electrodes.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2017Article
- Investigating a new neuromodulation treatment for brain disorders using synchronized activation of multimodal pathways.Scientific reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The Tongue Display Unit (TDU) is a 144-channel programmable pulse generator that delivers dc-balanced voltage pulses suitable for electrotactile (electrocutaneous) stimulation of the anterior-dorsal tongue, through a matrix of surface electrodes. This article reviews the theory of operation and a design overview of the TDU, as well as selected applications. These include sensory substitution, tactile information display and neurorehabilitation via induced neuroplasticity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.