ArticlePloS one2017
Immunological and inflammatory mapping of vascularized composite allograft rejection processes in a rat model.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perioperative effects of dexmedetomidine on renal function in allogeneic kidney transplant patients: a meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- Unraveling the Roles of Macrophages in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- New Paradigms in Rejection Monitoring: Lymphocyte Subsets as Noninvasive Graft Markers in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- C-reactive protein induced T cell activation is an indirect monocyte-dependent mechanism involving the CD80/CD28 pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Donor adipose-derived stromal cells are vasoprotectant but unable to revert acute rejection in rodent vascularized composite allotransplants.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Molecular Signature Associated With Acute Rejection in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Design of a Multiparametric Perfusion Bioreactor System for Evaluating Sub-Normothermic Preservation of Rat Abdominal Wall Vascularized Composite Allografts.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Autologous porcine VRAM flap model for VCA research.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity and tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Methods of ex vivo analysis of tissue status in vascularized composite allografts.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Cellular activation pathways and interaction networks in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Effects of Tacrolimus on Tissue-Specific, Protein-Level Inflammatory Networks in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Preservation solutions for attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in vascularized composite allotransplantation.SAGE open medicine · 2021Article
- Recent Developments in Extracellular Matrix Remodeling for Fat Grafting.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- A chronic rejection model and potential biomarkers for vascularized composite allotransplantation.PloS one · 2020Article
- Noninvasive Monitoring of Allograft Rejection Using a Novel Epidermal Sampling Technique.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2019Article
- Composite tissue allotransplantation: opportunities and challenges.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2019Review
- Ex Vivo Major Histocompatibility Complex I Knockdown Prolongs Rejection-free Allograft Survival.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHand and face vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an evolving and challenging field with great opportunities. During VCA, massive surgical damage is inflicted on both donor and recipient tissues, which may contribute to the high VCA rejection rates. To segregate between the damage-induced and rejection phase of post-VCA responses, we compared responses occurring up to 5 days following syngeneic versus allogeneic vascularized groin flap transplantations, culminating in transplant acceptance or rejection, respectively.
methodsThe immune response elicited upon transplantation of a syngeneic versus allogeneic vascularized groin flap was compared at Post-operative days 2 or 5 by histology, immunohistochemistry and by broad-scope gene and protein analyses using quantitative real-time PCR and Multiplex respectively.
resultsImmune cell infiltration began at the donor-recipient interface and paralleled expression of a large group of wound healing-associated genes in both allografts and syngrafts. By day 5 post-transplantation, cell infiltration spread over the entire allograft but remained confined to the wound site in the syngraft. This shift correlated with upregulation of IL-18, INFg, CXCL9, 10 and 11, CCL2, CCL5, CX3CL1 and IL-10 in the allograft only, suggesting their role in the induction of the anti-alloantigen adaptive immune response.
conclusionsHigh resemblance between the cues governing VCA and solid organ rejection was observed. Despite this high resemblance we describe also, for the first time, a damage induced inflammatory component in VCA rejection as immune cell infiltration into the graft initiated at the surgical damage site spreading to the entire allograft only at late stage rejection. We speculate that the highly inflammatory setting created by the unique surgical damage during VCA may enhance acute allograft rejection.
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