ArticlePloS one2017
Validation of functional calibration and strap-down joint drift correction for computing 3D joint angles of knee, hip, and trunk in alpine skiing.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sensor-to-Segment Calibration Methodologies for Lower-Body Kinematic Analysis with Inertial Sensors: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Inertial Sensor-Based Lower Limb Joint Kinematics: A Methodological Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Estimation of 3D Knee Joint Angles during Cycling Using Inertial Sensors: Accuracy of a Novel Sensor-to-Segment Calibration Procedure Based on Pedaling Motion.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Trial
- A Multimodal Dataset of Full-Body Kinematics and Kinetics from Laboratory- and Wearable-Based Systems.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Smart technology and multibody simulation for skier safety: a structured narrative review and research roadmap.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Biomechanical Analysis of an Elite Para Standing Cross-Country Skier Using Lower Limb Prostheses: A Case Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- REEV SENSE IMUs for Gait Analysis in Stroke: A Clinical Study on Lower Limb Kinematics.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Real-Time Estimation of Lower Limb Posture and Joint Angles Using Wearable IMUs: Reproduced Hemiparetic and Normal Gait.Japanese journal of comprehensive rehabilitation science · 2025Article
- A Smart Ski Pole for Skiing Pattern Recognition and Quantification Application.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- SnowMotion: A Wearable Sensor-Based Mobile Platform for Alpine Skiing Technique Assistance.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Error-State Kalman Filter Method for Estimating Human Lower-Limb Kinematics during Various Walking Gaits.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Inertial Sensor-to-Segment Calibration for Accurate 3D Joint Angle Calculation for Use in OpenSim.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Estimation of Steering and Throttle Angles of a Motorized Mobility Scooter with Inertial Measurement Units for Continuous Quantification of Driving Operation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of Kinematic and Temporal Outcome Measures for Clinical Gait and Stair Walking Tests, Based on Wearable Inertial Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Connected Skiing: Motion Quality Quantification in Alpine Skiing.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Classification of Cross-Country Ski Skating Sub-Technique Can Be Automated Using Carrier-Phase Differential GNSS Measurements of the Head's Position.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Comprehensive Comparison and Validation of Published Methods to Detect Turn Switch during Alpine Skiing.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Reference Frame Unification of IMU-Based Joint Angle Estimation: The Experimental Investigation and a Novel Method.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- 3D trunk orientation measured using inertial measurement units during anatomical and dynamic sports motions.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2021Article
- Editorial: Health and Performance Assessment in Winter Sports.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To obtain valid 3D joint angles with inertial sensors careful sensor-to-segment calibration (i.e. functional or anatomical calibration) is required and measured angular velocity at each sensor needs to be integrated to obtain segment and joint orientation (i.e. joint angles). Existing functional and anatomical calibration procedures were optimized for gait analysis and calibration movements were impractical to perform in outdoor settings. Thus, the aims of this study were 1) to propose and validate a set of calibration movements that were optimized for alpine skiing and could be performed outdoors and 2) to validate the 3D joint angles of the knee, hip, and trunk during alpine skiing. The proposed functional calibration movements consisted of squats, trunk rotations, hip ad/abductions, and upright standing. The joint drift correction previously proposed for alpine ski racing was improved by adding a second step to reduce separately azimuth drift. The system was validated indoors on a skiing carpet at the maximum belt speed of 21 km/h and for measurement durations of 120 seconds. Calibration repeatability was on average <2.7° (i.e. 3D joint angles changed on average <2.7° for two repeated sets of calibration movements) and all movements could be executed wearing ski-boots. Joint angle precision was <4.9° for all angles and accuracy ranged from -10.7° to 4.2° where the presence of an athlete-specific bias was observed especially for the flexion angle. The improved joint drift correction reduced azimuth drift from over 25° to less than 5°. In conclusion, the system was valid for measuring 3D joint angles during alpine skiing and could be used outdoors. Errors were similar to the values reported in other studies for gait. The system may be well suited for within-athlete analysis but care should be taken for between-athlete analysis because of a possible athlete-specific joint angle bias.
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