SynthesisInternational orthopaedics2017
Risk factors for infectious complications after open fractures; a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International orthopaedics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Paediatric type I open tibia fractures: are antibiotics alone sufficient?Bone & joint open · 2025Pooled it
- Insights into treatment and outcome of fracture-related infection: a systematic literature review.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2019Pooled it
- Fracture healing: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model for deep surgical site infection after open extremity fractures: the BIGBEuropean journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Role of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 in early detection of infection in patients undergoing conversion from external fixation to definitive internal fixation in open fractures- A pilot study.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Genomic and clinical characteristics ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Treatment of high-energy lower extremity trauma is explained by the Orthopaedic Trauma Association Open Fracture Classification.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2026Article
- Negative Pressure Wound Therapy and Ultrasound Monitoring for Fracture-Related Infection of the Proximal Femur: A Case Report.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Operative Risk Factors and Microbiologic Profiles of Deep Infection Following Pilon Fracture Fixation.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Fracture-Related Infections: Current Status and Perspectives from the International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association between periodontitis and fracture-related infection in patients with severe open fractures of the upper and/or lower extremities.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Timing of Debridement in Low-Grade Open Forearm Fractures Does Not Affect Infection Risk: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Lag analysis of the effect of air pollution on orthopedic postoperative infection in Hebei Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Open Tibial Fractures Part 1: A Narrative Review of Initial Treatment and Potential Applicability to the Southern African Context.Orthopedic research and reviews · 2025Review
- Perioperative Hyperglycemia is an Independent Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism Events After Operative Treatment of Geriatric Femur Fractures.Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Magnitude of infection and associated factors in open tibial fracture treated operatively, in Addis Ababa burn emergency and trauma center.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Article
- Improving the Care of Severe, Open Fractures and Postoperative Infections of the Lower Extremities: Protocol for an Interdisciplinary Treatment Approach.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Surgical site infection in severe trauma patients in intensive care: epidemiology and risk factors.Annals of intensive care · 2024Article
- Seasonal variation and preoperative risk factors for polymicrobial infection following open fracture.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2024Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for the development of infection after open fracture fixation.
methodsA comprehensive search in all scientific literature of the last 30 years was performed in order to identify patient-, trauma-, diagnosis- and treatment-related risk factors. Studies were included when infectious complications were assessed in light of one or more risk factors. A meta-analysis was performed. Risk ratios (RR) or risk differences (RD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
resultsA total of 116 manuscripts were included. Male gender (RR 1.42), diabetes mellitus (DM) (RR 1.72), smoking (RR1.29), a lower extremity fracture (RR 1.94), Gustilo-Anderson grade III open fracture (RR 3.01), contaminated fracture (RR 7.85) and polytrauma patients (RR 1.49) were identified as statistically significant risk factors for the development of infectious complications. Of the treatment-related risk factors, only pulsatile lavage was associated with a higher infectious complication rate (RR 2.70).
conclusionA number of risk factors for the development of infections after open fractures have been identified in the available literature. These factors should still be tested for independence in a multivariable model. Prospective, observational studies are needed to identify and quantify individual risk factors for infection after open fracture fixation.
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