Observational studyBMC women's health2017
Frequency and predictors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women attending tertiary healthcare institutes of Quetta City, Pakistan.
Observational study in BMC women's health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social determinants of antenatal depression and anxiety among women in South Asia: A systematic review & meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- To assess the impact of individualized strategy and continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic control and mental health in pregnant women with diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Trial
- Does telecounseling reduce anxiety and depression during pregnancy? A randomized controlled trial.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2023Trial
- Levels of stress, anxiety, and depression during pregnancy after bariatric surgery: A comparative study with women with obesity.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Article
- The Adverse Effects of Anxiety and Depression on Pregnant Women with Hypothyroidism in Late Pregnancy.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2024Article
- Family concerns and relationship problems in anxious pregnant women and their associations with postnatal functional disability in Pakistan.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of perinatal depression among mothers and fathers in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Health psychology and behavioral medicine · 2024Review
- Resilience and prenatal mental health in Pakistan: a qualitative inquiry.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal diazepam exposure on respiratory control and the monoaminergic system of neonate and young rats.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Associations among fear of childbirth, resilience and psychological distress in pregnant women: A response surface analysis and moderated mediation model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Prenatal Depression, Anxiety and Suicidal Behaviours in the Volta Region of Ghana.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Profile and Predictors of Maternal Quality of Life During Physiological Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Knowledge and practice of adolescent females about menstruation and menstruation hygiene visiting a public healthcare institute of Quetta, Pakistan.BMC women's health · 2020Article
- Magnitude of Antenatal Depression and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in West Badewacho Woreda, Hadiyya Zone, South Ethiopia: Community Based Cross Sectional Study.Depression research and treatment · 2020Article
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for postpartum panic disorder: a case series.BMC psychology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnxiety and depression (A&D) are commonly reported among pregnant women from all over the world; however, there is a paucity of workable data from the developing countries including Pakistan. The current study, therefore, aims to find out the frequency and predictors of A&D among pregnant women attending a tertiary healthcare institutes in the city of Quetta, in the Balochistan province, Pakistan.
methodsA questionnaire based, cross-sectional survey was conducted. The pre-validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess the frequency of A&D among study respondents. Anxiety and depression scores were calculated via standard scoring procedures while logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of A&D. SPSS v. 20 was used for data analysis and p < 0.05 was taken as significant.
resultsSeven hundred and fifty pregnant women responded to the survey. The majority of the respondents belonged to age group of 26-35 year (424, 56.4%) and had no formal education (283, 37.6%). Furthermore, 612 (81.4%) of the respondents were unemployed and had urban residencies (651, 86.6%). The mean anxiety score was 10.08 ± 2.52; the mean depression score was 9.51 ± 2.55 and the total HADS score was 19.23 ± 3.91 indicating moderate A&D among the current cohort. Logistic regression analysis reported significant goodness of fit (Chi square = 17.63, p = 0.030, DF = 3), indicating that the model was advisable. Among all variables, age had a significant association when compared with HADS scores [adjusted OR (odds ratios) = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.13-1.62, p < 0.001].
conclusionModerate A&D was reported among the study respondents. Furthermore, age was highlighted as a predictor of A&D. The evidence from this study provides a motion of support programs for anxious and depressed pregnant women. The benefits of implementing good mental health in antenatal care have long-lasting benefits for both mother and infant. Therefore, there is a need to incorporate A&D screening in the existing antenatal programs.
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