ArticleJAMA2017
Association of Genetic Variants Related to Serum Calcium Levels With Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction.
Article in JAMA, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology using Mendelian randomization (STROBE-MR): a Korean translation of explanation and elaboration.Ewha medical journal · 2025Guideline
- Appraising the Causal Role of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Psoriasis and cardiovascular disease risk in European and East Asian populations: evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization analysis of 37 clinical factors and coronary artery disease in East Asian and European populations.Genome medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Blood Leukocyte DNA Methylation Predicts Risk of Future Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Heart Disease.Circulation · 2019Pooled it
- Genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium, bone mineral density, and fracture risk in individuals with normal calcium levels: mendelian randomisation study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Pooled it
- Mendelian Randomization and the Environmental Epigenetics of Health: a Systematic Review.Current environmental health reports · 2019Pooled it
- Assessment of the genetic and clinical determinants of fracture risk: genome wide association and mendelian randomisation study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Genetically Determined Serum Calcium Levels and Markers of Ventricular Repolarization: A Mendelian Randomization Study in the UK Biobank.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2021Trial
- Association between TGF-β1 -913G/C polymorphism and myocardial infarction risk in a Chinese Han population: a case-control study.Bioscience reports · 2019Trial
- Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation Are Not Associated With Risk of Incident Ischemic Cardiac Events or Death: Findings From the UK Biobank Cohort.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2018Trial
- Management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of IgA Nephropathy Causal Factors in Plasma Proteins, Immune Cell Types, and Immune Cell Traits.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- Serum calcium levels are independently associated with severe coronary artery stenosis combined with severe cerebral artery stenosis.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Zebrafish casr modulates cardiac structure and function.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-Term Change in Vitamin D Status and its Association With Change in Total Hip Bone Mineral Density in Older Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2026Article
- Mendelian randomization analysis of 1,400 genetically predicted blood metabolites and ovarian cancer risk.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
importanceSerum calcium has been associated with cardiovascular disease in observational studies and evidence from randomized clinical trials indicates that calcium supplementation, which raises serum calcium levels, may increase the risk of cardiovascular events, particularly myocardial infarction.
objectiveTo evaluate the potential causal association between genetic variants related to elevated serum calcium levels and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction using mendelian randomization. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsThe analyses were performed using summary statistics obtained for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of serum calcium levels (N = up to 61 079 individuals) and from the Coronary Artery Disease Genome-wide Replication and Meta-analysis Plus the Coronary Artery Disease Genetics (CardiogramplusC4D) consortium's 1000 genomes-based genome-wide association meta-analysis (N = up to 184 305 individuals) that included cases (individuals with CAD and myocardial infarction) and noncases, with baseline data collected from 1948 and populations derived from across the globe. The association of each SNP with CAD and myocardial infarction was weighted by its association with serum calcium, and estimates were combined using an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. EXPOSURES: Genetic risk score based on genetic variants related to elevated serum calcium levels. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Co-primary outcomes were the odds of CAD and myocardial infarction.
resultsAmong the mendelian randomized analytic sample of 184 305 individuals (60 801 CAD cases [approximately 70% with myocardial infarction] and 123 504 noncases), the 6 SNPs related to serum calcium levels and without pleiotropic associations with potential confounders were estimated to explain about 0.8% of the variation in serum calcium levels. In the inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis (combining the estimates of the 6 SNPs), the odds ratios per 0.5-mg/dL increase (about 1 SD) in genetically predicted serum calcium levels were 1.25 (95% CI, 1.08-1.45; P = .003) for CAD and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.05-1.46; P = .009) for myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: A genetic predisposition to higher serum calcium levels was associated with increased risk of CAD and myocardial infarction. Whether the risk of CAD associated with lifelong genetic exposure to increased serum calcium levels can be translated to a risk associated with short-term to medium-term calcium supplementation is unknown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.