ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2017
Why Are Diabetes Medications So Expensive and What Can Be Done to Control Their Cost?
Review in Current diabetes reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impacts of national volume-based procurement policy on insulin price, volume and expenditure in China: a quasi-experimental study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Out-of-pocket prescription medicine expenditure amongst community-dwelling adults: Findings from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing (TILDA) in 2016.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- Prices of Anti-Diabetic Drugs Sold in Private Pharmacies in Côte d'Ivoire, 2023: A Secondary Analysis.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2025Article
- Delivery of biologics: Topical administration.Biomaterials · 2023Review
- Main drivers of diabetes pharmaceuticals expenditures: evidence from OECD countries and Iran.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Engineering live attenuated vaccines: Old dogs learning new tricks.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Review
- First-Line Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists : A Cost-Effectiveness Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2022Article
- Association of formulary restrictions and initiation of an SGLT2i or GLP1-RA among Medicare beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Affordability of Medication Therapy in Diabetic Patients: A Scenario-Based Assessment in Iran's Health System Context.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Article
- Patients' Preferences for Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Risk and Protective Factors for Cost-Related Nonadherence Among Middle East and North African (MENA) Adults.Ethnicity & disease · 2022Article
- Barriers and Facilitators in Access to Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia Medicines: A Scoping Review.Public health reviews · 2022Article
- Utilization and cost of drugs for diabetes and its comorbidities and complications in Kuwait.PloS one · 2022Article
- The Use of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents during Pregnancy: An Alternative to Insulin?Puerto Rico health sciences journal · 2021Article
- 100 years of Insulin: Why is Insulin So Expensive and What Can be Done to Control Its Cost?Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Potential Therapeutic Applications of Synthetic Conotoxin s-cal14.2b, Derived fromBiomedicines · 2021Article
- Stem Cell-Based Clinical Trials for Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Trends in diabetes medication use in Australia, Canada, England, and Scotland: a repeated cross-sectional analysis in primary care.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2021Article
- Nanocurcumin improved glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a comparison study with Gliclazide.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- An Exploratory Research of 18 Years on the Economic Burden of Diabetes for the Romanian National Health Insurance System.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe purposes of this study were to describe how medication prices are established, to explain why antihyperglycemic medications have become so expensive, to show trends in expenditures for antihyperglycemic medications, and to highlight strategies to control expenditures in the USA. RECENT
findingsIn the U.S., pharmaceutical manufacturers set the prices for new products. Between 2002 and 2012, expenditures for antihyperglycemic medications increased from $10 billion to $22 billion. This increase was primarily driven by expenditures for insulin which increased sixfold. The increase in insulin expenditures may be attributed to several factors: the shift from inexpensive beef and pork insulins to more expensive genetically engineered human insulins and insulin analogs, dramatic price increases for the available insulins, physician prescribing practices, policies that limit payers' abilities to negotiate prices, and nontransparent negotiation of rebates and discounts. The costs of antihyperglycemic medications, especially insulin, have become a barrier to diabetes treatment. While clinical interventions to shift physician prescribing practices towards lower cost drugs may provide some relief, we will ultimately need policy interventions such as more stringent requirements for patent exclusivity, greater transparency in medication pricing, greater opportunities for price negotiation, and outcomes-based pricing models to control the costs of antihyperglycemic medications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28741264What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.