ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2017
Germinal center enhancement by extended antigen availability.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- A n-heneicosane solid emulsion as a single-dose subunit vaccine elicits broad and durable immune responses in an aged and a Pox virus model.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanoparticle Engineering in Modern Vaccinology: From Delivery Platforms to Immune-Programming Architectures.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dual role of ascorbyl Palmitate as coagel and adjuvant in experimental antivenom development.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Subunit vaccination using Atomic Layering Thermostable Antigen and Adjuvant (ALTAFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Next-generation intranasal influenza vaccines: mechanisms, platforms, and translational progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Working towards a single-dose vaccine for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.Future virology · 2026Article
- Modelling the Variability in Immunity Build-Up and Waning Following RNA-Based Vaccination.Viruses · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- In-Situ Self-Assembling Oligomeric Collagen Scaffold Enhances Vaccine Retention and Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Simultaneous priming of HIV broadly neutralizing antibody precursors to multiple epitopes by germline-targeting mRNA-LNP immunogens in mouse models.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Fusion of Complement Fragment C3d Enhances Germinal Center Responses to HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exponentially Decreasing Antigen Release Reduces Inflammatory Markers in an Antigen-Specific Manner.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Sustained Vaccine Exposure Elicits More Rapid, Consistent, and Broad Humoral Immune Responses to Multivalent Influenza Vaccines.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune imprinting: The persisting influence of the first antigenic encounter with rapidly evolving viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- IL-7 promotes mRNA vaccine-induced long-term immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- CXCL13 promotes broad immune responses induced by circular RNA vaccines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccine elicitation of protective antibody responses has proved difficult for a number of important human pathogens, including HIV-1. The amount of somatic hypermutation associated with the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV has not been achieved using conventional immunization strategies. An underexplored aspect of vaccine design is modulation of antigen kinetics. Immunization strategies with extended antigen availability have recently been shown to enhance humoral responses. In this review, we explore the mechanisms through which sustained antigen availability can enhance germinal center responses and the potency of antibody responses. These potential mechanisms include shifting B cell recognition away from non-neutralizing immunodominant epitopes, altered kinetics of immune complex deposition, improved T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses, enhanced affinity maturation, and enhanced development of B cell memory. Finally, we discuss immunization strategies that result in extended antigen availability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.