ArticleLaboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology2017
Melanoma subtypes demonstrate distinct PD-L1 expression profiles.
Article in Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differentiation state affects PD-L1 expression in cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Acral Melanoma: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: Mechanism and pharmacological strategies.Pharmacological research · 2026Review
- Preclinical and Virtual Models of Mucosal Melanoma: Bridging Translational Gaps in a Rare and Lethal Cancer.Pigment cell & melanoma research · 2026Review
- Benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors as adjuvant treatment for acral melanomas.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Long-term survival benefit of neoadjuvant oncolytic virus plus PD-1 blockade in acral melanoma: implications of STING in resistance and potential therapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Integration of spatial single-cell proteomics and spatial metabolomics reveals tumor microenvironment predictive of immunotherapy response in mucosal melanoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Advanced Mucosal Melanoma Therapies: Current Status and Future Directions.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Population Analysis and Immunologic Landscape of Melanoma in People Living with HIV.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Tumour progression shows decrease in PD-L1 expression in matched metastases/primary uveal melanomas.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Poor efficacy of anti PD-1 antibody based immunotherapy in patients with acral melanoma: results from the Spanish Melanoma Group (GEM) registry.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Analysis of Alternative Splicing Events in Melanoma and the Implications for Prognosis.Current molecular medicine · 2026Article
- A new strategy for melanoma treatment: an investigation of the clinical value of the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and oncolytic viruses.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Lifileucel tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy in patients with unresectable or metastatic mucosal melanoma after disease progression on immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Article
- Population analysis and immunologic landscape of melanoma in people living with HIV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The examination of in vitro photosensitizing efficacy of aloe-emodin loaded liposome following photodynamic therapy on melanoma cell lines.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA-4 mRNA In Situ Expression by Canine Oral Melanoma Cells and Immune Cells of the Tumour Microenvironment.Veterinary and comparative oncology · 2025Article
- Combination Immunotherapy for Mucosal Melanoma: Molecular Mechanism, Research Status, and Future Directions.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Immunohistochemistry for Skin Cancers: New Insights into Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Profiling of Acral Lentiginous Melanoma Reveals Downregulated Immune Activation Compared to Cutaneous Melanoma.Pigment cell & melanoma research · 2025Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
PD-L1 expression in the tumor immune microenvironment is recognized as both a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cutaneous melanoma, a finding closely related to its adaptive (IFN-γ-mediated) mechanism of expression. Approximately 35% of cutaneous melanomas express PD-L1, however, the expression patterns, levels, and prevalence in rarer melanoma subtypes are not well described. We performed immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CD8 on 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with acral (n=16), mucosal (n=36), uveal (n=103), and chronic sun-damaged (CSD) (n=45) melanomas (24 lentigo maligna, 13 'mixed' desmoplastic, and 8 'pure' desmoplastic melanomas). CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) densities were characterized as mild, moderate, or severe, and their geographic association with PD-L1 expression was evaluated. Discrete lymphoid aggregates, the presence of a spindle cell morphology, and the relationship of these features with PD-L1 expression were assessed. PD-L1 expression was observed in 31% of acral melanomas, 44% of mucosal melanomas, 10% of uveal melanomas, and 62% of CSD melanomas (P<0.0001). Compared to our previously characterized cohort of cutaneous melanomas, the proportion of PD-L1(+) tumors was lower in uveal (P=0.0002) and higher in CSD (P=0.0073) melanomas, while PD-L1 expression in the acral and mucosal subtypes was on par. PD-L1 expression in all subtypes correlated with a moderate-severe grade of CD8+ TIL (all, P<0.003), supporting an adaptive mechanism of expression induced during the host antitumor response. The tumor microenvironments observed in CSD melanomas segregated by whether they were the pure desmoplastic subtype, which showed lower levels of PD-L1 expression when compared to other CSD melanomas (P=0.047). The presence of lymphoid aggregates was not associated with the level of PD-L1 expression, while PD-L1(+) cases with spindle cell morphology demonstrated higher levels of PD-L1 than those with a nested phenotype (P<0.0001). Our findings may underpin the reported clinical response rates for anti-PD-1 monotherapy, which vary by subtype.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.