Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28733752›Full record

ReviewPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2018

Generic immunosuppressants.

Mara Medeiros, Julia Lumini, Noah Stern, Gilberto Castañeda-Hernández, Guido Filler

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mistaken Administration of Hydroxyurea Instead of Tacrolimus in a Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Biomaterial-based immunotherapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Mara MedeirosUnidad de Investigacion en Nefrologia, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Julia LuminiDepartment of Biomedical Life Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Noah SternDepartment of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
Gilberto Castañeda-HernándezDepartamento de Farmacología, Entro de Investigacion y Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
Guido FillerDepartment of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada. guido.filler@lhsc.on.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-1891-6765
Western University · CAHospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez · MXInstituto Politécnico Nacional · MXUniversity of Waterloo · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunosuppressive drugs for solid organ transplantation are critical dose drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. Many of the most commonly used innovator drugs are off patent and have been replicated by generic counterparts, often at substantial cost-savings to the patient. However, serious adverse events caused by the transition from innovator to generic medications, specifically in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients, have questioned these autosubstitutions. The purpose of this review is to summarize the criteria set forth by the regulatory bodies, and to examine how major immunosuppressive drugs conform to these recommendations. Regulatory bodies have established inconsistent criteria to demonstrate bioequivalence between innovator and generic medications, causing approved generic variations to have varying levels of equivalence with the innovator drugs. In order to minimize the risk for under-immunosuppression, the following recommendations have been concluded. Brand prescribing of cyclosporine and tacrolimus are recommended due to evidence of adverse events after conversion to generic formulations and differences in dissolution parameters. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) shows better bioequivalence between innovator and generic formulations, however caution should be advised when switching between formulations. The institution of 'innovator only' policies may be appropriate at this time in order to minimize the risk of under-immunosuppressing patients until the evidence of more stringent bioequivalence has been established.

Indexed as

CyclosporineDrugs, GenericDrug SubstitutionGraft RejectionHumansImmunosuppression TherapyImmunosuppressive AgentsMycophenolic AcidOrgan TransplantationRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTacrolimusTherapeutic EquivalencyTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationCyclosporineDrugs, GenericImmunosuppressive AgentsMycophenolic AcidTacrolimusAntimetabolitesCalcineurin inhibitorsMMFmTOR inhibitorsSirolimusTacrolimus

Identifiers

PMID28733752
OpenAlexW4247754988

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.