ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2017
IL-4 blockade alters the tumor microenvironment and augments the response to cancer immunotherapy in a mouse model.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dupilumab for the Treatment of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Systematic Review.International journal of dermatology · 2025Pooled it
- Double Positive CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Role of Host GPR120 in Mediating Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Inhibition of Prostate Cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2019Trial
- Engineering IL-4 resistant proinflammatory human myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Cytokine Networks Reprogramming the Osteo-Immune Microenvironment in Cancer Bone Metastasis.Calcified tissue international · 2026Review
- De Novo Design and Directed Evolution Refinement of Mirror-Image Protein Binders Targeting Interleukin-4.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Progress in Designing Cytokine Antagonist Antibodies for Cancer Therapy.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Tumor Microenvironment Onmyoji: Cytokines with Dual Protumor and Antitumor Roles.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Monocyte-Macrophage Lineages in Cancer: Biology, Plasticity, and Therapeutic Targeting.Cancer biome and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Absence of BCAP in myeloid cells abrogates M2 macrophage differentiation and promotes anti-tumor immunity.iScience · 2025Article
- Robot-Assisted Colorectal Cancer Surgery Mitigates Early Postoperative Immunosuppression and Angiogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- IL-4 and Brentuximab Vedotin in Mycosis Fungoides: A Perspective on Potential Therapeutic Interactions and Future Research Directions.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Analysis of short-term clinical efficacy and immune function changes of advanced non-small cell lung cancer after radiotherapy or chemotherapy under CT-guidedFrontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Orchestration of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in the Tumor Cell-Macrophage-CD8International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Association of SIGLEC9 Expression with Cytokine Expression, Tumor Grading, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, AKT Gene Mutations, and MSI Status in Colorectal Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- IL-4 drives exhaustion of CD8Nature communications · 2024Article
- Balancing the Scales: The Dual Role of Interleukins in Bone Metastatic Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Functional CRISPR screens in T cells reveal new opportunities for cancer immunotherapies.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles secreted by 3D tumor organoids are enriched for immune regulatory signaling biomolecules compared to conventional 2D glioblastoma cell systems.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Distinct role of CD8 cells and CD4 cells in antitumor immunity triggered by cell apoptosis using a Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system.Cancer science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent findings show that immune cells constitute a large fraction of the tumor microenvironment and that they modulate tumor progression. Clinical data indicate that chronic inflammation is present at tumor sites and that IL-4, in particular, is upregulated. Thus, we tested whether IL-4 neutralization would affect tumor immunity. Current results demonstrate that the administration of a neutralizing antibody against IL-4 enhances anti-tumor immunity and delays tumor progression. IL-4 blockade also alters inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, reducing the generation of both immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and enhancing tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In addition, IL-4 blockade improves the response to anti-OX40 Ab or CpG oligodeoxynucleotide immunotherapies. These findings suggest that IL-4 affects anti-tumor immunity and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target to reduce immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment, thus enhancing the efficacy of cancer therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.