ArticleScientific reports2017
Environmental impact of omnivorous, ovo-lacto-vegetarian, and vegan diet.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Environmental Impact of Current Diets and Alternative Dietary Scenarios Worldwide: A Systematic Review.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Aligning Environmental Sustainability, Health Outcomes, and Affordability in Diet Quality: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of human bone mineral densities in subjects on plant-based and omnivorous diets: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Pooled it
- White Meat Consumption, All-Cause Mortality, and Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Dietary climate impact correlates ambiguously with health biomarkers- a randomised controlled trial in healthy Finnish adults.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Reversing the great degradation of nature by reducing factors related to cropland expansion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Environmental impact of food consumption: determinants of carbon and water footprints in an Italian population.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Article
- miRNA-targeted auxin nuclear signalling elements orchestrate flower fate and drought response in yellow lupine.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Two Dimensions of Nutrition for the Planet: Environment and Health.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- A matrix approach to visually communicate simultaneously the environmental and health impacts of foods.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Sustainability and nutritional composition of food offer and choices in three hospital canteens in Italy.Heliyon · 2024Article
- The Relevance of Plant-Based Diets and Micronutrient Supplementation for Body Composition: Data from the VeggieNutri Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The Ethics of Veganism.Cureus · 2024Review
- Environmental impact and nutritional quality of adult diet in France based on fruit and vegetable intakes.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- The MED_EAT-IT approach: A modelling study to develop feasible, sustainable and nutritionally targeted dietary patterns based on the Planetary health diet.Current research in food science · 2024Article
- Understanding and tackling meat reduction in different cultural contexts: a segmentation study of Swiss and Vietnamese consumers.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Psychological differences and similarities between vegans, prospective vegans, and vegetarians. Motivation, knowledge, vegan literacy - and cheese.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Vegetarians: Past, Present, and Future Regarding Their Diet Quality and Nutritional Status.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Meat substitutes: Resource demands and environmental footprints.Resources, conservation, and recycling · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Food and beverage consumption has a great impact on the environment, although there is a lack of information concerning the whole diet. The environmental impact of 153 Italian adults (51 omnivores, 51 ovo-lacto-vegetarians, 51 vegans) and the inter-individual variability within dietary groups were assessed in a real-life context. Food intake was monitored with a 7-d dietary record to calculate nutritional values and environmental impacts (carbon, water, and ecological footprints). The Italian Mediterranean Index was used to evaluate the nutritional quality of each diet. The omnivorous choice generated worse carbon, water and ecological footprints than other diets. No differences were found for the environmental impacts of ovo-lacto-vegetarians and vegans, which also had diets more adherent to the Mediterranean pattern. A high inter-individual variability was observed through principal component analysis, showing that some vegetarians and vegans have higher environmental impacts than those of some omnivores. Thus, regardless of the environmental benefits of plant-based diets, there is a need for thinking in terms of individual dietary habits. To our knowledge, this is the first time environmental impacts of three dietary regimens are evaluated using individual recorded dietary intakes rather than hypothetical diet or diets averaged over a population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.