ReviewHarm reduction journal2017
Opium trade and the spread of HIV in the Golden Crescent.
Review in Harm reduction journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- An update on bloodborne viruses among people who inject drugs in South Asia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Review
- Burden of opioid use disorder in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): findings from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Drug use among young women in Pakistan: A qualitative study of socioeconomic and psychological perspectives.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Pakistan's HIV high-risk populations: Critical appraisal of failure to curtail spread beyond key populations.IJID regions · 2024Review
- Risk factors of HIV and variation in access to clean needles among people who inject drugs in Pakistan.Pathogens and global health · 2023Article
- Promoter Methylation of TwoAddiction & health · 2023Article
- Logic model for opioid safety in chronic non-malignant pain management, an in-depth qualitative study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal Phylodynamics of Hepatitis C Among People Who Inject Drugs in India.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2021Article
- Transmission of HIV and HCV within Former Soviet Union Countries.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Article
- HIV-TB Coinfection among 57 Million Pregnant Women, Obstetric Complications, Alcohol Use, Drug Abuse, and Depression.Journal of pregnancy · 2018Article
- Risk Factors for Narcotic Use in Street Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From a Low-Middle-Income Country.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Golden Crescent region of South Asia-comprising Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan-is a principal global site for opium production and distribution. Over the past few decades, war, terrorism, and a shifting political landscape have facilitated an active heroin trade throughout the region. Protracted conflict has exacerbated already dire socio-economic conditions and political strife within the region and contributed to a consequent rise in opiate trafficking and addiction among the region's inhabitants. The worsening epidemic of injection drug use has paralleled the rising incidence of HIV and other blood-borne infections in the region and drawn attention to the broader implications of the growing opiate trade in the Golden Crescent. The first step in addressing drug use is to recognize that it is not a character flaw but a form of mental illness, hence warranting humane treatment of drug users. It is also recommended that the governments of the Golden Crescent countries encourage substitution of opium with licit crops and raise awareness among the general public about the perils of opium use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.