Trial reportPLoS neglected tropical diseases2017
Effects of liver-stage clearance by Primaquine on gametocyte carriage of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum.
Trial report in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02143934 (Host and Parasites Factors Contributing to Risk of Plasmodium Re-infection and Morbidity in Elementary School Children in Maprik, East Sepik Province), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Host and Parasites Factors Contributing to Risk of Plasmodium Re-infection and Morbidity in Elementary School Children in Maprik, East Sepik Province
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel hydrazone compounds with broad-spectrum antiplasmodial activity and synergistic interactions with antimalarial drugs.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Delayed gametocyte clearance inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Biology and epidemiology ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2023Review
- Malaria: An Overview.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Review
- Co-infection of the four major Plasmodium species: Effects on densities and gametocyte carriage.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Prevalence and force of Plasmodium vivax blood-stage infection and associated clinical malaria burden in the Brazilian Amazon.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- Using Plasmodium knowlesi as a model for screening Plasmodium vivax blood-stage malaria vaccine targets reveals new candidates.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
- Recent Development of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors for Human Diseases: A Future Perspective.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Humoral immunity prevents clinical malaria during Plasmodium relapses without eliminating gametocytes.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Antibody responses to Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding and Erythrocyte binding proteins predict risk of infection and are associated with protection from clinical Malaria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Article
- Complex Determination of the Gametocyte Conversion Rate.Trends in parasitology · 2018Article
- Plasmodium Gametocytes in Field Studies: Do We Measure Commitment to Transmission or Detectability?Trends in parasitology · 2018Review
- Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infection dynamics: re-infections, recrudescences and relapses.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Plasmodium vivax molecular diagnostics in community surveys: pitfalls and solutions.Malaria journal · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrimaquine (PQ) is the only currently licensed antimalarial that prevents Plasmodium vivax (Pv) relapses. It also clears mature P. falciparum (Pf) gametocytes, thereby reducing post-treatment transmission. Randomized PQ treatment in a treatment-to-reinfection cohort in Papua New Guinean children permitted the study of Pv and Pf gametocyte carriage after radical cure and to investigate the contribution of Pv relapses.
methodsChildren received radical cure with Chloroquine, Artemether-Lumefantrine plus either PQ or placebo. Blood samples were subsequently collected in 2-to 4-weekly intervals over 8 months. Gametocytes were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR targeting pvs25 and pfs25.
resultsPQ treatment reduced the incidence of Pv gametocytes by 73%, which was comparable to the effect of PQ on incidence of blood-stage infections. 92% of Pv and 79% of Pf gametocyte-positive infections were asymptomatic. Pv and to a lesser extent Pf gametocyte positivity and density were associated with high blood-stage parasite densities. Multivariate analysis revealed that the odds of gametocytes were significantly reduced in mixed-species infections compared to single-species infections for both species (ORPv = 0.39 [95% CI 0.25-0.62], ORPf = 0.33 [95% CI 0.18-0.60], p<0.001). No difference between the PQ and placebo treatment arms was observed in density of Pv gametocytes or in the proportion of Pv infections that carried gametocytes. First infections after blood-stage and placebo treatment, likely caused by a relapsing hypnozoite, were equally likely to carry gametocytes than first infections after PQ treatment, likely caused by an infective mosquito bite.
conclusionPv relapses and new infections are associated with similar levels of gametocytaemia. Relapses thus contribute considerably to the Pv reservoir highlighting the importance of effective anti-hypnozoite treatment for efficient control of Pv.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02143934.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.