Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28731937›Full record

Observational studyThe journal of trauma and acute care surgery2017

An adapted Clavien-Dindo scoring system in trauma as a clinically meaningful nonmortality endpoint.

David N Naumann, Laura E Vincent, Nicola Pearson, Alastair Beaven, Iain M Smith, Kieran Smith, Emma Toman, Helen R Dorrance, Keith Porter, Charles E Wade and 3 more

Abstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in The journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Patterns of negative trauma laparotomy worldwide: a sub-analysis of a global dataset.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Applying enhanced recovery principles to emergency laparotomy in penetrating abdominal trauma: a case-matched study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  11. Comorbidities, injury severity and complications predict mortality in thoracic trauma.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
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  17. Observational
  18. Article
  19. Observational
  20. Clinical Impact of a Dedicated Trauma Hybrid Operating Room.Journal of the American College of Surgeons · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

David N NaumannFrom the National Institute for Health Research, Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre (D.N.N.), and the Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Center for Translational Injury Research, Division of Acute Care Surgery (L.E.V., C.E.W., B.A.C., J.B.H.), Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Major Trauma Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (N.P., A.B., E.T., K.P.), Birmingham; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital (I.M.S.), Govan, Glasgow; the Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine (I.M.S.), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham; Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital (K.S., H.R.D.), Govan, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Rural Clinical School (M.J.M.), University of Queensland, Bundaberg Hospital, Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia.
Laura E Vincent
Nicola Pearson
Alastair Beaven
Iain M Smith
Kieran Smith
Emma Toman
Helen R Dorrance
Keith Porter
Charles E Wade
Bryan A Cotton
John B Holcomb
Mark J Midwinter

Funding

Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Data Coordinating CenterU01HL077863 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MAY, SUSANNE · 2004 to 2015
$125.1M
NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL077863
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is no consensus on reporting nonmortality trauma complications in a graded manner. The Clavien-Dindo scale of complications was originally for elective surgery and requires adaptation to provide meaningful data for trauma patients. In particular, the original score does not account for those treated without surgery. We report an adapted Clavien-Dindo in trauma (ACDiT) scale and apply it to patients managed operatively and nonoperatively.

methodsA combined prospective and retrospective international multicenter observational study was undertaken to apply the ACDiT scale to 484 trauma patients at three university teaching hospitals (Birmingham, England (n = 303); Houston, Texas (n = 113); and Glasgow, Scotland (n = 68)). These included both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU-managed patients. The Clavien-Dindo scoring system was adapted for trauma patients based on consensus amongst an international collaboration of trauma specialists at these sites. Data included whether initial patients were managed operatively or nonoperatively. Complication grades were compared with hospital-free and ICU-free days as other outcome measures of patient morbidity.

resultsTwo hundred seventeen (44.8%) of 484 patients experienced complications, of whom 61 (28.1%) of 217 died (grade V). The remainder consisted of grades I (n = 20), II (n = 60), III (n = 24), and IV (n = 52). There was a strong association between higher ACDiT grade category and lower number of hospital-free and ICU-free days (p < 0.01). Eighty-eight patients with complications did not require surgery, validating the score's usefulness in patients managed nonoperatively.

conclusionThe ACDiT scale can be used to grade the severity of posttrauma complications in patients managed both operatively and nonoperatively. It provides clinically meaningful data for morbidity and mortality meetings and other quality improvement exercises. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic, level IV.

Indexed as

Trauma Severity IndicesAdultCause of DeathData CollectionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesSurvival AnalysisTrauma CentersWounds and InjuriesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID28731937
PMCPMC5527750

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.