ReviewNPJ Parkinson's disease2016
Parkinson's disease as a system-level disorder.
Review in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation alone and in combination with rehabilitation therapies on gait and balance among individuals with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Speech, voice, and language outcomes following deep brain stimulation: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Leader and Follower Roles in Adapted Tango Reveal Complementary Neural Routes to Motor Improvement in Parkinson's Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Data-driven neurobiological subtyping of Parkinson's disease using diffusion MRI-derived isotropic diffusion.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Sub-voxel QSM reveals the mechanism linking substantia nigra iron and temporal diamagnetism to PD gait.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Explainable machine learning identifies candidate shared neuroanatomical features in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's via importance inversion transfer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Slow wave canonical activity deviation concept: Toward a slow wave-based EEG-fMRI reference map for health-associated network function.iScience · 2026Article
- Task-specific dynamical entropy variations in EEG as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease progression.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Functional reorganization of motor subcircuits in Parkinson's disease.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Stratified signaling network remodeling of kinase-transcription factors' interactions in Parkinson's disease.Bioinformatics advances · 2026Article
- Volumetric signatures of basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical and cerebello-thalamo-cortical networks in Parkinson's disease and its motor subtypes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Functional MRI in Multiple System Atrophy: A Promising Biomarker for Clinical Applications.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
- Pathway Anchored Multimodal Clustering Reveals Circuit Level Signatures in Parkinsons Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Early classification of functional connectomes in Parkinson's disease: a comparison of machine learning classifiers using multi-scale topological features.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- ParCuR-A Novel AI-Enabled Gait Cueing Wearable for Patients with Parkinson's Disease.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Retro-Walking and Cholinergic Network Correlates in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of movement disorders · 2025Article
- Boundary complexity of cortical and subcortical areas predicts deep brain stimulation outcomes in Parkinson's disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cerebellar Activity Affects Distal Cortical Physiology and Synaptic Plasticity in a Human Parietal-Motor Pathway Associated with Motor Actions.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Comparison of oscillatory activity in substantia nigra pars reticulata between Parkinson's disease and dystonia.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traditionally, the basal ganglia have been considered the main brain region implicated in Parkinson's disease. This single area perspective gives a restricted clinical picture and limits therapeutic approaches because it ignores the influence of altered interactions between the basal ganglia and other cerebral components on Parkinsonian symptoms. In particular, the basal ganglia work closely in concert with cortex and cerebellum to support motor and cognitive functions. This article proposes a theoretical framework for understanding Parkinson's disease as caused by the dysfunction of the entire basal ganglia-cortex-cerebellum system rather than by the basal ganglia in isolation. In particular, building on recent evidence, we propose that the three key symptoms of tremor, freezing, and impairments in action sequencing may be explained by considering partially overlapping neural circuits including basal ganglia, cortical and cerebellar areas. Studying the involvement of this system in Parkinson's disease is a crucial step for devising innovative therapeutic approaches targeting it rather than only the basal ganglia. Possible future therapies based on this different view of the disease are discussed.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.