ArticleThe EPMA journal2017
"Pre-metastatic niches" in breast cancer: are they created by or prior to the tumour onset? "Flammer Syndrome" relevance to address the question.
Article in The EPMA journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Flavonoid-modulated JAK-STAT signaling mitigates malignant transformation and drug resistance in breast tumors: A clinically relevant 3PM-guided innovation.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Thermoregulation and associated disorders: 3PM-guided holistic approach bridging innovative and traditional Chinese medicine.The EPMA journal · 2026Review
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- Targeting the MAPK signaling pathway: implications and prospects of flavonoids in 3P medicine as modulators of cancer cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer patients.The EPMA journal · 2025Article
- Mass spectrometry-based analysis of eccrine sweat supports predictive, preventive and personalised medicine in a cohort of breast cancer patients in Austria.The EPMA journal · 2025Article
- Mitochondria-based holistic 3PM approach as the 'game-changer' for individualised rehabilitation-the proof-of-principle model by treated breast cancer survivors.The EPMA journal · 2024Article
- Towards a personalized prediction, prevention and therapy of insomnia: gut microbiota profile can discriminate between paradoxical and objective insomnia in post-menopausal women.The EPMA journal · 2024Article
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- Energy metabolism as the hub of advanced non-small cell lung cancer management: a comprehensive view in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.The EPMA journal · 2024Review
- Predictive, preventive and personalised approach as a conceptual and technological innovation in primary and secondary care of inflammatory bowel disease benefiting affected individuals and populations.The EPMA journal · 2024Review
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- Significance of flavonoids targeting PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway in therapy-resistant cancer cells - A potential contribution to the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.Journal of advanced research · 2024Review
- A review of biological targets and therapeutic approaches in the management of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
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- Mutual effect of homocysteine and uric acid on arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.The EPMA journal · 2022Article
- Pre-pregnancy check-up of maternal vascular status and associated phenotype is crucial for the health of mother and offspring.The EPMA journal · 2022Article
- A κ-OR Agonist Protects the Endothelial Function Impaired by Hyperuricemia Through Regulating the Akt/eNOS Signal Pathway.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2022Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) epidemic in the twenty-first century is characterised by around half a million deaths and 1.7 million new cases registered annually worldwide. Metastatic disease is the major cause of death in BC patient cohorts. Current statistics are much alarming from the viewpoint of the early mortality amongst BC patients with de novo metastatic disease. A new paradigm of so-called "pre-metastatic niches" may sufficiently promote our knowledge regarding potential pathomechanisms, individual predisposition and prognosis in development and progression of the metastatic disease. However, the crucial question remains unaddressed, whether hypoxic pre-metastatic niches in BC are created by or prior to the tumour onset. So far, the current interpretation of the "Seed and Soil" theory of metastasis proposing that the pre-metastatic niches are formed by primary tumours which "induce and guide" the process is incomplete, since it does not provide satisfactory explanations towards several facts overviewed in the article. The overall results of this study clearly support the working hypothesis presented by the authors proposing that the epi/genetic predisposition of individuals at risk to form the systemic hypoxic pre-metastatic niches can be established a long time before breast malignancy is clinically manifested. "Flammer Syndrome" (FS) phenotype may strongly contribute to particularly poor outcomes of metastatic breast cancer. Significance and relevance of individual FS symptoms for breast cancer metastatic disease are discussed in extenso.
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