Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28725028›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

Detection and quantitation of copy number variation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus.

Walter Fabricio Silva Martins, Krishanthi Subramaniam, Keith Steen, Henry Mawejje, Triantafillos Liloglou, Martin James Donnelly, Craig Stephen Wilding

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Walter Fabricio Silva MartinsDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0570-5945
Krishanthi SubramaniamDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Keith SteenDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Henry MawejjeInfectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0003-4348-3682
Triantafillos LiloglouDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research, Liverpool, UK.
Martin James DonnellyDepartment of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Craig Stephen WildingSchool of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. c.s.wilding@ljmu.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-5818-2706

Funding

Transmission ProjectU19AI089674 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MATTHEW G DORSEY, MOSES Robert KAMYA · 2010 to 2026
$29.3M
Genome-based diagnostics for monitoring and evaluation of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiaeR01AI116811 · NIAID · TMLIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE · PI Martin James Donnelly · 2016 to 2026
$4.6M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116811NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089674
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insecticide resistance is typically associated with alterations to the insecticidal target-site or with gene expression variation at loci involved in insecticide detoxification. In some species copy number variation (CNV) of target site loci (e.g. the Ace-1 target site of carbamate insecticides) or detoxification genes has been implicated in the resistance phenotype. We show that field-collected Ugandan Culex quinquefasciatus display CNV for the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (Vgsc), target-site of pyrethroid and organochlorine insecticides. In order to develop field-applicable diagnostics for Vgsc CN, and as a prelude to investigating the possible association of CN with insecticide resistance, three assays were compared for their accuracy in CN estimation in this species. The gold standard method is droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), however, the hardware is prohibitively expensive for widespread utility. Here, ddPCR was compared to quantitative PCR (qPCR) and pyrosequencing. Across all platforms, CNV was detected in ≈10% of mosquitoes, corresponding to three or four copies (per diploid genome). ddPCR and qPCR-Std-curve yielded similar predictions for Vgsc CN, indicating that the qPCR protocol developed here can be applied as a diagnostic assay, facilitating monitoring of Vgsc CN in wild populations and the elucidation of association between the Vgsc CN and insecticide resistance.

Indexed as

Genes, InsectAnimalsCulexDNA Copy Number VariationsGene DosageHaplotypesReproducibility of ResultsVoltage-Gated Sodium ChannelsVoltage-Gated Sodium Channels

Identifiers

PMID28725028
PMCPMC5517494

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.