ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2017
Early pregnancy sex steroids during primiparous pregnancies and maternal breast cancer: a nested case-control study in the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estrogen metabolism pathways in pregnancy and subsequent breast cancer risk: a prospective follow-up study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Estrogen Metabolism Pathways in Pregnancy and Subsequent Breast Cancer Risk: A Prospective Follow-up Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Review
- Prenatal Biochemical Screening and a Woman's Long-Term Risk of Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2020Article
- Maternal Pregnancy Hormone Concentrations in Countries with Very Low and High Breast Cancer Risk.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Maternal reproductive hormones and angiogenic factors in pregnancy and subsequent breast cancer risk.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2019Article
- Maternal breast cancer risk in relation to birthweight and gestation of her offspring.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2018Article
- The role of pregnancy, perinatal factors and hormones in maternal cancer risk: a review of the evidence.Journal of internal medicine · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPregnancy and parity are associated with subsequent breast cancer risk. Experimental and epidemiologic data suggest a role for pregnancy sex steroid hormones.
methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study in the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort (1975-2007). Eligible women had provided a blood sample in the first 20 weeks of gestation during a primiparous pregnancy leading to a term delivery. The current study includes 223 cases and 417 matched controls (matching factors: age at and date of blood collection). Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status was available for all cases; androgen receptor (AR) data were available for 41% of cases (n = 92). Sex steroids were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using conditional logistic regression.
resultsHigher concentrations of circulating progesterone in early pregnancy were inversely associated with ER+/PR+ breast cancer risk (OR
conclusionsConsistent with experimental models, high progesterone in early pregnancy was associated with lower risk of ER+/PR+ breast cancer in the mother. High circulating testosterone in early pregnancy, which likely reflects nonpregnant premenopausal exposure, was associated with higher risk of ER+/PR+ disease.
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