Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28717715›Full record

ReviewJournal of global oncology2016

Compulsory Licenses for Cancer Drugs: Does Circumventing Patent Rights Improve Access to Oncology Medications?

Cinthia Leite Frizzera Borges Bognar, Brittany L Bychkovsky, Gilberto de Lima Lopes

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of global oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cinthia Leite Frizzera Borges Bognar, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, and Oncoclinicas do Brasil; , Oncoclinicas Group, Sao Paulo, Brazil; , Dana-Farber Cancer Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Brittany L Bychkovsky, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, and Oncoclinicas do Brasil; , Oncoclinicas Group, Sao Paulo, Brazil; , Dana-Farber Cancer Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Gilberto de Lima Lopes, Centro Paulista de Oncologia, and Oncoclinicas do Brasil; , Oncoclinicas Group, Sao Paulo, Brazil; , Dana-Farber Cancer Center Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Worldwide, there are enormous inequities in cancer control that cause poor outcomes among patients with cancer who live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One of the biggest challenges that oncology faces today is how to increase patient access to expensive, but life-saving, therapies in LMICs. Access to cancer medications in LMICs is a major problem, especially in recent years, as the costs of these therapies continue to rise exponentially. One mechanism available to LMICs to improve access to cancer medications allows a country to pursue a compulsory license for a given drug. Here, we will review how the legal framework in the World Trade Organization's Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement and the Doha Declaration supports countries to circumvent patent laws and acquire compulsory licenses for essential medicines. We will also discuss the current and future role of compulsory licenses in oncology and how compulsory licenses may improve access to cancer drugs in LMICs.

Identifiers

PMID28717715
PMCPMC5493268

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.