ArticleThe lancet. HIV2017
Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection: evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.
Article in The lancet. HIV, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is There Any Evidence of Premature, Accentuated and Accelerated Aging Effects on Neurocognition in People Living with HIV? A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Living With Chronic HIV Disease in the Antiretroviral Era: The Impact of Neurocognitive Impairment on Everyday Life Functions.Topics in antiviral medicinePooled it
- A 2-Year Longitudinal Randomized Control Trial of Speed of Processing Cognitive Training in Aging Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Results of the Think Fast Study.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- A 2-year longitudinal randomized controlled trial examining the transfer of speed of processing training to secondary cognitive domains in middle-aged and older adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: Results of the think fast study.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2024Trial
- Can Individualized-Targeted Computerized Cognitive Training Benefit Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder? The Training on Purpose Study (TOPS).AIDS and behavior · 2021Trial
- A 2-Year, Randomized, Clinical Trial Examining the Effects of Speed of Processing Cognitive Training on Quality-of-Life Indicators in Adults With HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Birmingham, Alabama: Results of the Think Fast Study.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACTrial
- Can individualized-targeted computerized cognitive training improve everyday functioning in adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder?Applied neuropsychology. AdultTrial
- A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Impact of Individually Targeted Computerized Cognitive Training on Quality of Life Indicators in Adults With HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in the Southeastern United States.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACTrial
- Individualized-Targeted Computerized Cognitive Training to Treat HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: An Interim Descriptive Analysis.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACTrial
- Longitudinal Changes in Cognition and Brain Imaging in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Mobile cognitive testing captures divergent longitudinal trajectories of verbal learning in adults with and without HIV.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Combination antiretroviral therapy prevents SIV-induced aging in the hippocampus and neurodegeneration throughout the brain.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Cognitive predictors of everyday functioning in women with HIV: findings from the women's interagency HIV study.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessing cognitive impairment in HIV-infected: a comparative study of international HIV Dementia Scale, HIV Dementia Scale Italian version and Montreal cognitive assessment in clinical practice.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Graph theory analysis reveals functional brain network alterations in HIV-associated asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment in virally suppressed homosexual males.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Altered angular gyrus activation during the digit symbol substitution test in people living with HIV: beyond information processing speed deficits.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Attention or memory deficits? An HIV study in Shanghai using local and norm-based controls.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Does cognitive intra-individual variability predict change in everyday functioning performance in women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study?Applied neuropsychology. Adult · 2024Article
- The prefrontal cortex, but not the medial temporal lobe, is associated with episodic memory in middle-aged persons with HIV.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe demographics of the HIV epidemic in the USA have shifted towards older age. We aimed to establish the relationship between the processes of ageing and HIV infection in neurocognitive impairment.
methodsWith longitudinal data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a long-term prospective cohort study of the natural and treated history of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in the USA, we examined the effect of ageing, HIV infection (by disease stage), and their interaction on five neurocognitive domains: information processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, working memory, and motor function. We controlled for duration of serostatus in a subanalysis, as well as comorbidities and other factors that affect cognition. Analyses were by linear mixed models for longitudinal data.
findings5086 participants (47 886 visits) were included in the analytic sample (2278 HIV-seropositive participants contributed 20 477 visits and 2808 HIV-seronegative control participants contributed 27 409 visits). In an a-priori multivariate analysis with control variables including comorbidities and time since seroconversion, significant, direct negative effects of ageing were noted on all neurocognitive domains (p<0·0001 for all). Similar effects were noted for late-stage HIV disease progression on information processing speed (p=0·002), executive function (p<0·0001), motor function (p<0·0001), and working memory (p=0·001). Deleterious interaction effects were also noted in the domains of episodic memory (p=0·03) and motor function (p=0·02).
interpretationA greater than expected effect of ageing on episodic memory and motor function with advanced stages of HIV infection suggests that these two domains are most susceptible to the progression of neurocognitive impairment caused by ageing in individuals with HIV. This deficit pattern suggests differential damage to the hippocampus and basal ganglia (specifically nigrostriatal pathways). Older individuals with HIV infection should be targeted for regular screening for HIV-associate neurocognitive disorder, particularly with tests referable to the episodic memory and motor domains.
fundingNational Institute of Mental Health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.