ArticlePloS one2017
Anti-Neu5Gc and anti-non-Neu5Gc antibodies in healthy humans.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Proteomic Identification of Pig Xenoantigens for Clinical Xenotransplantation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Brain-dead humans as preclinical reference models for xenotransfusion: bridging nonhuman primates and clinical applications throughFrontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- A systematic review reveals conflicting evidence for the prevalence of antibodies against the sialic acid 'xenoautoantigen' Neu5Gc in humans and the need for a standardised approach to quantification.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
- Future prospects for the clinical transfusion of pig red blood cells.Blood reviews · 2023Review
- Graft rejection in paediatric congenital heart disease.Translational pediatrics · 2023Review
- Immunogenicity of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds: a bottleneck in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Biomaterials research · 2023Review
- ABO blood group antigens and differential glycan expression: Perspective on the evolution of common human enzyme deficiencies.iScience · 2023Review
- The respective relevance of sensitization to alloantigens and xenoantigens in pig organ xenotransplantation.Human immunology · 2023Review
- Knock-out of N-glycolylneuraminic acid attenuates antibody-mediated rejection in xenogenically perfused porcine lungs.Xenotransplantation · 2022Article
- Immune disguise: the mechanisms of Neu5Gc inducing autoimmune and transplant rejection.Genes and immunity · 2022Review
- Serum Antibody Binding and Cytotoxicity to Pig Cells in Chinese Subjects: Relevance to Clinical Renal Xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Application of decellularized vascular matrix in small-diameter vascular grafts.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Can Heart Valve Decellularization Be Standardized? A Review of the Parameters Used for the Quality Control of Decellularization Processes.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Histopathology of pig kidney grafts with/without expression of the carbohydrate Neu5Gc in immunosuppressed baboons.Xenotransplantation · 2021Article
- Cancer Explant Models.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2021Article
- Possible Link Between the ABO Blood Group of Bioprosthesis Recipients and Specific Types of Structural Degeneration.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) on primate complement-dependent cytotoxicity of genetically engineered pig cells: relevance to clinical xenotransplantation.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The Possible Role of Anti-Neu5Gc as an Obstacle in Xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Our group previously investigated the levels of anti-Gal and anti-nonGal IgM and IgG in a cohort of 75 healthy humans of various backgrounds, and found some significant differences related to factors such as age, gender, ABO blood group, diet, vaccination history, and geographic location during childhood. We have now expanded our cohort (n = 84) to investigate the levels of anti-Neu5Gc and anti-nonGal/nonNeu5Gc antibodies in healthy humans. Anti-nonGal and anti-nonGal/nonNeu5Gc human IgM and IgG binding to pRBCs and pAECs from GTKO/CD46 and GTKO/CD46/Neu5GcKO pigs were measured by flow cytometry. Anti-Gal and anti-Neu5Gc IgM and IgG levels were measured by ELISA. In summary, (i) the great majority (almost 100%) of humans had anti-Neu5Gc IgM and IgG antibodies that bound to pAECs and approximately 50% had anti-Neu5Gc antibodies that bound to pRBCs, (ii) there was significantly less human antibody binding to pig cells that did not express either Gal or Neu5Gc compared with those that did not express Gal alone, (iii) the levels of both IgM and IgG binding to GTKO/CD46/Neu5GcKO pRBCs and pAECs were low, (iv) the level of anti-Neu5Gc IgG was higher in men than women, (v) the level did not change with age or diet, and there was some variability associated with (vi) previous vaccination history and (vii) the geographic region in which the individual spent his or her childhood. Our study confirms that human antibody binding to RBCs and AECs from GTKO/CD46/Neu5GcKO pigs is greatly reduced compared to binding to GTKO/CD46 cells. However, all humans appear to have a low level of antibody that binds to pAECs that is not directed to either Gal or Neu5Gc. Our findings require consideration in planning clinical trials of xenotransplantation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.