ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2017
Alcohol-antiretroviral interactive toxicity beliefs as a potential barrier to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Use and HIV Risk among Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Pooled it
- Alcohol Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Continuum of Care Among Men in Rural South Africa: Results from a Longitudinal Study.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
- An empirical test of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of willingness and intention to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among adolescent men who have sex with men.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Trial
- Substance use interactive toxicity beliefs impede HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis use among men who have sex with men.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Beliefs About Toxic Interactions Between Alcohol and PrEP Predict Less Initiation and More Discontinuation: Results from the RADAR Cohort Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Prevalence and correlates of PrEP use and missed PrEP doses due to alcohol among sexually active adults and sexual minority men in San Francisco.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Willingness to Use Long-Acting Injectable Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kampala, Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Socio-economic status and adherence to HIV preventive and therapeutic interventions: exploring the mediating role of food insecurity among men who have sex with men and transgender and non-binary persons from Brazil.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Game Plan-a Brief Web-Based Intervention to Improve Uptake and Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Reduce Alcohol Use Among Gay and Bisexual Men: Content Analysis.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Substance Use and Healthcare Utilization Across the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care Cascade among Black and Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men.Substance use & misuse · 2022Article
- The Role of Alcohol-Related Behavioral Risk in the Design of HIV Prevention Interventions in the Era of Antiretrovirals: Alcohol Challenge Studies and Research Agenda.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Game Plan, a Web-Based Intervention to Improve Adherence and Persistence to HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Reduce Heavy Drinking in Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: Usability and User Experience Testing.JMIR formative research · 2021Article
- Addressing Unhealthy Alcohol Use and the HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum in Primary Care: A Scoping Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Alcohol consumption, substance use, and depression in relation to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Expanding Knowledge About Implementation of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): A Methodological Review.AIDS and behavior · 2019Review
- Determining the Roles that Club Drugs, Marijuana, and Heavy Drinking Play in PrEP Medication Adherence Among Gay and Bisexual Men: Implications for Treatment and Research.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers as much as 90% protection against HIV transmission. However, the effectiveness of PrEP depends on uptake and adherence to even intermittent dosing. Along with intoxication leading to unintentional non-adherence, believing that alcohol mixed with pharmaceuticals is harmful (i.e., interactive toxicity beliefs) may lead to poor uptake and intentional non-adherence.
methodsHIV-negative sexually active men who have sex with men (
resultsA total of 118 (43%) men surveyed had two or more male sex partners and condomless anal sex in the previous six months. Alcohol use was reported by over 90% of men and it was common for participants to believe that mixing alcohol and antiretrovirals is toxic; 75% endorsed at least one interactive toxicity belief. Among the 118 men who had engaged in condomless anal sex and had multiple sex partners, one in three stated that they were not interested in PrEP and men not interested in PrEP were significantly more likely to binge drink and hold interactive toxicity beliefs.
conclusionsThese results mirror studies that find interactive toxicity beliefs are a potent predictor of intentional antiretroviral non-adherence among people living with HIV and suggest interactive toxicity beliefs may impede PrEP uptake and adherence. Messages to increase PrEP awareness and adherence may also take steps to counter erroneous beliefs about mixing alcohol with antiretrovirals in the context of PrEP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.