ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2017
Macrophage Phenotypes Regulate Scar Formation and Chronic Wound Healing.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 416 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
416 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Combined Stromal Vascular Fraction and Fractional CO2 Laser Therapy for Hypertrophic Scar Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis study of small extracellular vesicle nursing application therapies for healing of wounds and skin regeneration.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Pooled it
- Rewiring autophagy to target cutaneous wound healing: investigation of molecular mechanisms to therapeutic interventions.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Coenzyme A activates TLR4 and enhances alternative macrophage activation in line with MyD88 agonism.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Regional signaling controls stem cell-mediated regeneration in an invertebrate chordate.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Dehydrocorydaline Accelerates Palatal Wound Healing in Mice Through Suppression of the p38 MAPK/CCL2 Axis and Macrophage Chemotaxis: A Preliminary Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Tibial cortex transverse transport accelerates diabetic wound healing via systemic mobilization of non-classical monocytes : an animal study.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- Next-generation skin wound healing related disease models with integration of immune cells.Protein & cell · 2026Review
- Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Zebrafish: Molecular Mechanisms and Advances in Intervention.Biology · 2026Review
- Multi-omics integration identifies macrophage senescence driven by the RUNX1-P53 axis as a key mechanism in diabetic foot ulcer.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- POSTN(+) fibroblasts and SPP1(+) macrophages in scar formation: A review of mechanisms and therapeutic targets (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Functional Electrospun Chitosan-Based Nanofibers Loaded with Norfloxacin for Enhanced Burn Wound Healing Response.Polymers · 2026Article
- Promising Natural Polymer-Based Dressings for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Mechanisms, Preclinical Studies, and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Targeting Biofilms in Chronic Wounds: Emerging Strategies with Antimicrobial Nanocomposites.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- CSF1R inhibitors mitigate CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced immunosuppression to increase antitumor immunity in HR+/HER2- breast cancer.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Insights into small-molecule neurotransmitter levels and distribution during tissue regeneration in an ear pinna model in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Advanced biomaterial strategies for cancerous wound management from palliative to multifunctional platforms.iScience · 2026Review
- Human ISG15 deficiency unveils impaired healing of ulcerations via type I interferon-mediated fibrosis.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- Alogliptin Delays the Healing of Traumatic Oral Ulcers in the Buccal Mucosa of Wistar Rats.Fundamental & clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- iPSC-derived exosomes promote diabetic wound healing by attenuating inflammatory responses.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
356 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages and inflammation play a beneficial role during wound repair with macrophages regulating a wide range of processes, such as removal of dead cells, debris and pathogens, through to extracellular matrix deposition re-vascularisation and wound re-epithelialisation. To perform this range of functions, these cells develop distinct phenotypes over the course of wound healing. They can present with a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, more often found in the early stages of repair, through to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes that are pro-repair in the latter stages of wound healing. There is a continuum of phenotypes between these ranges with some cells sharing phenotypes of both M1 and M2 macrophages. One of the less pleasant consequences of quick closure, namely the replacement with scar tissue, is also regulated by macrophages, through their promotion of fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and collagen deposition. Alterations in macrophage number and phenotype disrupt this process and can dictate the level of scar formation. It is also clear that dysregulated inflammation and altered macrophage phenotypes are responsible for hindering closure of chronic wounds. The review will discuss our current knowledge of macrophage phenotype on the repair process and how alterations in the phenotypes might alter wound closure and the final repair quality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.