ArticleVaccines2017
Heterologous Humoral Response against H5N1, H7N3, and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses after Seasonal Vaccination in a European Elderly Population.
Article in Vaccines, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-existing and cross-reactive immunity to avian influenza H5N1 in humans: Implications for pandemic risk and vaccine strategies.The Journal of infection · 2026Review
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in People who Have Contact With Birds.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Observational
- Group 1 and group 2 hemagglutinin stalk antibody response according to age.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Influenza virus immune imprinting dictates the clinical outcomes in ferrets challenged with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Heterotypic Neuraminidase Antibodies Against Different A(H1N1) Strains are Elicited after Seasonal Influenza Vaccination.Vaccines · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses are currently one of the main threats to human health in the world. Although there are some screening reports of antibodies against these viruses in humans from Western countries, most of these types of studies are conducted in poultry and market workers of Asian populations. The presence of antibodies against avian influenza viruses was evaluated in an elderly European population. An experimental study was conducted, including pre- and post-vaccine serum samples obtained from 174 elderly people vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccines of 2006-2007, 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 2010-2011 Northern Hemisphere vaccine campaigns. The presence of antibodies against A/H5N1, A/H7N3, and A/H9N2 avian influenza viruses were tested by using haemaglutination inhibition assays. Globally, heterotypic antibodies were found before vaccination in 2.9% of individuals against A/H5N1, 1.2% against A/H7N3, and 25.9% against A/H9N2. These pre-vaccination antibodies were present at titers ≥1/40 in 1.1% of individuals against A/H5N1, in 1.1% against H7N3, and in 0.6% against the A/H9N2 subtype. One 76 year-old male showed pre-vaccine antibodies (Abs) against those three avian influenza viruses, and another three individuals presented Abs against two different viruses. Seasonal influenza vaccination induced a significant number of heterotypic seroconversions against A/H5N1 (14.4%) and A/H9N2 (10.9%) viruses, but only one seroconversion was observed against the A/H7N3 subtype. After vaccination, four individuals showed Abs titers ≥1/40 against those three avian viruses, and 55 individuals against both A/H5N1 and A/H9N2. Seasonal vaccination is able to induce some weak heterotypic responses to viruses of avian origin in elderly individuals with no previous exposure to them. However, this response did not accomplish the European Medicament Agency criteria for influenza vaccine efficacy. The results of this study show that seasonal vaccines induce a broad response of heterotypic antibodies against avian influenza viruses, albeit at a low level.
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