Trial reportContraception2017
Contraceptive use and unplanned pregnancy among female sex workers in Zambia.
Trial report in Contraception, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual contraceptive use among female sex workers in high HIV-burden settings in sub-saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
- Measles immunity gap among reproductive-age women participating in a simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trial in Zambia.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Family planning use and correlates among female sex workers in a community empowerment HIV prevention intervention in Iringa, Tanzania: a case for tailored programming.BMC public health · 2021Trial
- Acceptability of HIV self-testing to support pre-exposure prophylaxis among female sex workers in Uganda and Zambia: results from two randomized controlled trials.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Health inequities faced by sex workers.The Lancet. Public health · 2026Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with dual contraceptive use among young women in Ntungamo municipality, southwestern Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Perceived Social Support, Contact Violence Experience, and Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk among Gambian Female Sex Workers: A LASSO-Guided, Causal Inference, and Multilevel Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers (FSW) in Jashore, Bangladesh.PloS one · 2026Article
- Prevalence of pregnancy, unintended pregnancy, poor pregnancy outcome and its associated factors among female sex workers in Cameroon.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Emergency Contraceptives Use Among Female Commercial Sex Workers in Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study.The East African health research journal · 2025Article
- Gynecological health care services utilization and violence among female sex workers in Togo in 2021.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- The prevalence and correlates of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers in South China: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Unintended pregnancy and contraceptive use among women in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2023Review
- Dual contraceptive use and associated factors among female sex workers in Gulu City, Uganda in 2023.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Article
- Longitudinal study of pregnancy intention and its association with pregnancy occurrence among female sex workers in Benin and Mali.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- At the intersection of sexual and reproductive health and HIV services: use of moderately effective family planning among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among married women in Zambia.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Factors associated with the uptake of long-acting reversible contraception among female sex workers in post-conflict Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Barriers and facilitators for access and utilization of reproductive and sexual health services among Female Sex Workers in urban and rural Maharashtra, India.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAccess to reproductive healthcare, including contraceptive services, is an essential component of comprehensive healthcare for female sex workers (FSW). Here, we evaluated the prevalence of and factors associated with contraceptive use, unplanned pregnancy, and pregnancy termination among FSW in three transit towns in Zambia. STUDY
designData arose from the baseline quantitative survey from a randomized controlled trial of HIV self-testing among FSW. Eligible participants were 18 years of age or older, exchanged sex for money or goods at least once in the past month, and were HIV-uninfected or status unknown without recent HIV testing (<3 months). Logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with contraceptive use and unplanned pregnancy.
resultsOf 946 women eligible for this analysis, 84.1% had been pregnant at least once, and among those 61.6% had an unplanned pregnancy, and 47.7% had a terminated pregnancy. Incarceration was associated with decreased odds of dual contraception use (aOR=0.46, 95% CI 0.32-0.67) and increased odds of unplanned pregnancy (aOR=1.75, 95% CI 1.56-1.97). Condom availability at work was associated with increased odds of using condoms only for contraception (aOR=1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.51) and decreased odds of unplanned pregnancy (aOR=0.63, 95% CI 0.61-0.64).
conclusionsFSW in this setting have large unmet reproductive health needs. Structural interventions, such as increasing condom availability in workplaces, may be useful for reducing the burden of unplanned pregnancy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.