ReviewEuropean biophysics journal : EBJ2017
Efflux drug transporters at the forefront of antimicrobial resistance.
Review in European biophysics journal : EBJ, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed.
- Panoramic description of ROS-based nanotechnology for osteomyelitis therapy: Challenges, opportunities, and prospects.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance and Countermeasures.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bioinspired Nanoplatforms: Polydopamine and Exosomes for Targeted Antimicrobial Therapy.Polymers · 2025Review
- Anti-microbial, anti-biofilm, and efflux pump inhibitory effects of ellagic acid-bonded magnetic nanoparticles against Escherichia coli isolates.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Targeting Acinetobacter baumannii resistance-nodulation-division efflux pump transcriptional regulators to combat antimicrobial resistance.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Review
- Pathogenomic Insights intoLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Unravelling Antimicrobial Resistance inVeterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Bacterial persisters: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Molecular insights into the determinants of substrate specificity and efflux inhibition of the RND efflux pumps AcrB and AdeB.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2024Review
- Exploring genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- A metagenomic analysis for combination therapy of multiple classes of antibiotics on the prevention of the spread of antibiotic-resistant genes.Gut microbes · 2023Article
- Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity through Synergistic Effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Plant Secondary Metabolites: Opportunities and Challenges.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Characterization of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) flower extract and insights into its antifungal susceptibilities of Aspergillus flavus.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Nanosilver: An Old Antibacterial Agent with Great Promise in the Fight against Antibiotic Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Electroacoustic Biosensor Systems for Evaluating Antibiotic Action on Microbial Cells.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- CsbD, a Novel Group B Streptococcal Stress Response Factor That Contributes to Bacterial Resistance against Environmental Bile Salts.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- Efflux pump gene amplifications bypass necessity of multiple target mutations for resistance against dual-targeting antibiotic.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Efflux, Signaling and Warfare in a Polymicrobial World.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Aggressiveness and Patulin Production inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization and expression of fungal defensin inFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is rapidly becoming a major world health consideration. To combat antibiotics, microorganisms employ their pre-existing defence mechanisms that existed long before man's discovery of antibiotics. Bacteria utilise levels of protection that range from gene upregulation, mutations, adaptive resistance, and production of resistant phenotypes (persisters) to communal behaviour, as in swarming and the ultimate defence of a biofilm. A major part of all of these responses involves the use of antibiotic efflux transporters. At the single cell level, it is becoming apparent that the use of efflux pumps is the first line of defence against an antibiotic, as these pumps decrease the intracellular level of antibiotic while the cell activates the various other levels of protection. This frontline of defence involves a coordinated network of efflux transporters. In the future, inhibition of this efflux transporter network, as a target for novel antibiotic therapy, will require the isolation and then biochemical/biophysical characterisation of each pump against all known and new antibiotics. This depth of knowledge is required so that we can fully understand and tackle the mechanisms of developing antimicrobial resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.