ArticleDiabetes2017
Hepatic but Not Extrahepatic Insulin Clearance Is Lower in African American Than in European American Women.
Article in Diabetes, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Beta Cell Function in Adults of Black African Ethnicity.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Pooled it
- Empagliflozin Reduces Liver Fat in Individuals With and Without Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2024Trial
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, anagliptin, alters hepatic insulin clearance in relation to the glycemic status in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Trial
- Increased β-Cell Responsivity Independent of Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy African American Adults.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Influence of adiposity, insulin resistance, and intrahepatic triglyceride content on insulin kinetics.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Differential Pathophysiological Drivers of Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Ethnic Differences in Insulin Dynamics, Whole-Body Fat Metabolism, and Organ-Specific Lipid Deposition.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Hyperinsulinaemia as a cause of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Insulin receptor expression and its association with hyperinsulinemia in triple negative breast cancer.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Validation of a Diabetes Subtype Classification Model Using Data from U.S. Adults Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Defining and Characterizing Postprandial Reactive Hypoglycemia.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Genetic Risk Phenotypes for Type 2 Diabetes Differ with Ancestry in US Adults with Diabetes and Overweight/Obesity.Archives of medical research · 2025Article
- Data-driven Cluster Analysis Reveals Increased Risk for Severe Insulin-deficient Diabetes in Black/African Americans.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis in health and disease states: an update on the role of intra-portal insulin.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Physiologic hormone administration improves HbA1C in Native Americans with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective study and review of insulin secretion and action.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Review
- Reduced Insulin Clearance Differently Relates to Increased Liver Lipid Content and Worse Glycemic Control in Recent-Onset Type 2 and Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Hepatic insulin receptor: new views on the mechanisms of liver disease.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2023Review
- Insulin resistance and racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis: a multi-center cohort study.Endocrine-related cancer · 2022Article
- Regulation of Insulin Clearance by Non-Esterified Fatty Acids.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Fasting C-peptide values among adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
- Insulin sensitivity and kinetics in African American and White people with obesity: Insights from different study protocols.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
African Americans (AAs) tend to have higher plasma insulin concentrations than European Americans (EAs); the increased insulin concentrations have been attributed to increased secretion and/or decreased insulin clearance by liver or other tissues. This work characterizes the contributions of hepatic versus extrahepatic insulin degradation related to ethnic differences between AAs and EAs. By using a recently developed mathematical model that uses insulin and C-peptide measurements from the insulin-modified, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT), we estimated hepatic versus extrahepatic insulin clearance in 29 EA and 18 AA healthy women. During the first 20 min of the FSIGT, plasma insulin was approximately twice as high in AAs as in EAs. In contrast, insulin was similar in AAs and EAs after the 20-25 min intravenous insulin infusion. Hepatic insulin first-pass extraction was two-thirds lower in AAs versus EAs in the overnight-fasted state. In contrast, extrahepatic insulin clearance was not lower in AAs than in EAs. The difference in insulin degradation between AAs and EAs can be attributed totally to liver clearance. The mechanism underlying reduced insulin degradation in AAs remains to be clarified, as does the relative importance of reduced liver clearance to increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.