Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28709600›Full record

ArticleKidney international2017

Challenges in conducting clinical trials in nephrology: conclusions from a Kidney Disease-Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.

Colin Baigent, William G Herrington, Josef Coresh, Martin J Landray, Adeera Levin, Vlado Perkovic, Marc A Pfeffer, Peter Rossing, Michael Walsh, Christoph Wanner and 4 more

Abstract readConference Proceedings
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Heart failure events in randomized controlled trials for adults receiving maintenance dialysis: a meta-epidemiologic study.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Measuring quality of life in trials including patients on haemodialysis: methodological issues surrounding the use of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Guideline
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Randomized controlled trials in Europe: a call to action to protect national healthcare systems from the upcoming tsunami of kidney failure.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Observational
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Statistical consideration in nephrology research.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Colin BaigentMedical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: colin.baigent@ndph.ox.ac.uk.
William G HerringtonClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Josef CoreshDepartment of Epidemiology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Martin J LandrayMedical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Adeera LevinUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Vlado PerkovicThe George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Marc A PfefferCardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Peter RossingSteno Diabetes Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michael WalshPopulation Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences/McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Christoph WannerWürzburg University Clinic, Würzburg, Germany.
David C WheelerCentre for Nephrology, University College London, London, UK.
Wolfgang C WinkelmayerSelzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
John J V McMurrayBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
KDIGO Controversies Conference on Challenges in the Conduct of Clinical Trials in Nephrology Conference Participants

Funding

Pragmatic Trials in Maintenance HemodialysisUH3DK102384 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI DEMBER, LAURA M · 2013 to 2016
$5.8M
Medical Research Council MC_U137686853Medical Research Council MC_UU_12026/4Medical Research Council MC_UU_12026/5Medical Research Council MC_UU_12026/6NIDDK NIH HHS UH3 DK102384
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the high costs of treatment of people with kidney disease and associated comorbid conditions, the amount of reliable information available to guide the care of such patients is very limited. Some treatments have been assessed in randomized trials, but most such trials have been too small to detect treatment effects of a magnitude that would be realistic to achieve with a single intervention. Therefore, KDIGO convened an international, multidisciplinary controversies conference titled "Challenges in the Conduct of Clinical Trials in Nephrology" to identify the key barriers to conducting trials in patients with kidney disease. The conference began with plenary talks focusing on the key areas of discussion that included appropriate trial design (covering identification and evaluation of kidney and nonkidney disease outcomes) and sensible trial execution (with particular emphasis on streamlining both design and conduct). Break out group discussions followed in which the key areas of agreement and remaining controversy were identified. Here we summarize the main findings from the conference and set out a range of potential solutions. If followed, these solutions could ensure future trials among people with kidney disease are sufficiently robust to provide reliable answers and are not constrained by inappropriate complexities in design or conduct.

Indexed as

Clinical Trials as TopicNephrologyHumansKidney Diseaseskidney diseaserandomized clinical trialstrial conducttrial design

Identifiers

PMID28709600
PMCPMC6326036

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.