ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2017
Late-onset Sepsis in Extremely Premature Infants: 2000-2011.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antifungal therapy for newborn infants with invasive fungal infection.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Intervention Effect of Oropharyngeal Administration of Colostrum in Preterm Infants: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Acute kidney injury and subsequent risk of late-onset infection among extremely low gestational age newborns.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Trial
- Impact of race on heart rate characteristics monitoring in very low birth weight infants.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants with gestational age ≤ 32 weeks: a pilot single-center randomized controlled trial.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Trial
- Rifampin Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Preterm and Term Infants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Mupirocin forPediatrics · 2019Trial
- Sepsis and Antibiotics in Extremely Preterm Infants: Early Empirical Treatment Was Common, While Late-Onset Sepsis Accounted for Most Cases and Antibiotic Use.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Late-Onset Meningitis due toClinical case reports · 2026Article
- Population pharmacokinetics and safety of continuous oxacillin in preterm and term neonates and infants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- A Review of Probiotic Interventions for Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Sepsis in Preterm Infants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Organism- and Mortality-Specific Cardiorespiratory Patterns in Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis: A Four-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Study of Very Low Birth Weight Infants.American journal of perinatology · 2026Article
- Bacterial and fungal infections in infants born before 24 weeks' gestation: a review.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Antibiotic treatment for neonatal sepsis: changing trends and future directions.Drugs in context · 2026Review
- Renal resistive index and neonatal sequential organ failure assessment score as acute kidney injury risk predictors in preterm neonates with late-onset neonatal sepsis.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- Retrospective Study of Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance in 283 Neonates with Bloodstream Infections at a Grade-A Tertiary Hospital in China, 2021-2024.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Impact of an Evidence-Based Bundle on Catheter-Associated Sepsis Incidence in Neonatal Intensive Care: A Quality Improvement Project.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Blood cultures and predicting positivity in extremely preterm infants admitted to an outborn level IV NICU.BMC pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Preterm Infants in a Tertiary Hospital.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Trends in sex differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely preterm infants.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2025Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLate-onset sepsis (LOS) is an important cause of death and neurodevelopmental impairment in premature infants. The purpose of this study was to assess overall incidence of LOS, distribution of LOS-causative organisms and center variation in incidence of LOS for extremely premature infants over time.
methodsIn a retrospective analysis of infants 401-1000 g birth weight and 22-28 6/7 weeks of gestational age born at 12 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centers in the years 2000-2005 (era 1) or 2006-2011 (era 2) who survived >72 hours, we compared the incidence of LOS and pathogen distribution in the 2 eras using the χ test. We also examined the effect of birth year on the incidence of LOS using multivariable regression to adjust for nonmodifiable risk factors and for center. To assess whether the incidence of LOS was different among centers in era 2, we used a multivariable regression model to adjust for nonmodifiable risk factors.
resultsTen-thousand one-hundred thirty-one infants were studied. LOS occurred in 2083 of 5031 (41%) infants in era 1 and 1728 of 5100 (34%) infants in era 2 (P < 0.001). Birth year was a significant predictor of LOS on adjusted analysis, with birth years 2000-2009 having a significantly higher odds of LOS than the reference year 2011. Pathogens did not differ, with the exception of decreased fungal infection (P < 0.001). In era 2, 9 centers had significantly higher odds of LOS compared with the center with the lowest incidence.
conclusionsThe incidence of LOS decreased over time. Further investigation is warranted to determine which interventions have the greatest impact on infection rates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.