ArticleBiomacromolecules2017
Chloroquine-Modified Hydroxyethyl Starch as a Polymeric Drug for Cancer Therapy.
Article in Biomacromolecules, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photocaged Chloroquine Derivatives for the Light-Dependent Inhibition of Autophagy in Cancer Stem Cells.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanomedicine Approaches for Autophagy Modulation in Cancer Therapy.Small science · 2025Article
- Para-Methoxybenzylidene Acetal-Protected D-Glucosamine Derivatives as pH-Responsive Gelators and Their Applications for Drug Delivery.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Review of Modifications of Quinoline Antimalarials: Mefloquine and (hydroxy)Chloroquine.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Magnetic graphene oxide-lignin nanobiocomposite: a novel, eco-friendly and stable nanostructure suitable for hyperthermia in cancer therapy.RSC advances · 2022Article
- Regulation and function of autophagy in pancreatic cancer.Autophagy · 2021Review
- Colloidal hydroxyethyl starch for tumor-targeted platinum delivery.Nanoscale advances · 2019Article
- Promise of chemokine network-targeted nanoparticles in combination nucleic acid therapies of metastatic cancer.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2019Review
- High-yielding continuous-flow synthesis of antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a clinically used polysaccharide colloidal plasma volume expander. The goal of this study was to synthesize HES modified with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as a novel polymeric drug with the ability to inhibit the invasive character of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. HES was conjugated with HCQ using a simple carbonyldiimidazole coupling to prepare Chloroquine-modified HES (CQ-HES). CQ-HES with various degrees of HCQ substitution were synthesized and characterized. Atomic force microscopy was used to demonstrate a pH-dependent assembly of CQ-HES into well-defined nanoparticles. In vitro studies in multiple PC cell lines showed CQ-HES to have a similar toxicity profile as HCQ. Confocal microscopy revealed the propensity of CQ-HES to localize to lysosomes and mechanistic studies confirmed the ability of CQ-HES to inhibit autophagy in PC cells. Further studies demonstrated a greatly enhanced ability of CQ-HES to inhibit the migration and invasion of PC cells when compared with HCQ. The enhanced inhibitory actions of CQ-HES compared to HCQ appeared to arise in part from the increased inhibition of ERK and Akt phosphorylation. We found no significant HCQ release from CQ-HES, which confirmed that the observed activity was due to the action of CQ-HES as a polymeric drug. Due to its promising ability to block cancer cell invasion and the ability to form nanoparticles, CQ-HES has the potential as a drug delivery platform suitable for future development with chemotherapeutics to establish novel antimetastatic treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.