ReviewCurrent neurology and neuroscience reports2017
Secondary Stroke Prevention in Cryptogenic Stroke and Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS).
Review in Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Etiologic Workup in Cases of Cryptogenic Stroke: A Systematic Review of International Clinical Practice Guidelines.Stroke · 2020Pooled it
- Characterization of Patients with Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in the NAVIGATE ESUS Randomized Trial.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2018Trial
- Cardiac CT in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke for the Evaluation of Non-Thrombotic and Non-Atrial-Fibrillation-Related Embolic Causes.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Arrhythmias Following Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: An Unsolved Enigma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Underlying causes of cryptogenic stroke and TIA in the nordic atrial fibrillation and stroke (NOR-FIB) study - the importance of comprehensive clinical evaluation.BMC neurology · 2023Observational
- Cryptogenic Stroke and Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: Risk Factors and Approaches for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation.Current cardiology reviews · 2022Review
- Drugs in secondary stroke prevention.Australian prescriber · 2021Review
- Atrial Fibrillation After Ischemic Stroke Detected by Chest Strap-Style 7-Day Holter Monitoring and the Risk Predictors: EDUCATE-ESUS.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2021Article
- Cryptogenic stroke: Contemporary trends, treatments, and outcomes in the United States.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2020Article
- Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2018Review
- Recent major advances in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Review
- Uncommon Association of Two Anatomical Variants of Cerebral Circulation: A Fetal-Type Posterior Cerebral Artery and Inferred Artery of Percheron, Complicated with Paramedian Thalamomesencephalic Stroke-Case Presentation and Literature Review.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of the reviewThe purpose of the study was to review the literature on cryptogenic stroke and embolic stroke of undetermined stroke (ESUS). Cryptogenic stroke according to TOAST criteria is a stroke which is not due to cardiogenic embolism, small vessel disease with lacunes or large vessel disease of brain supplying arteries. In the context of secondary stroke prevention studies, cryptogenic stroke is not operationally defined. RECENT
findingsThe new concept of "embolic stroke of undetermined source" (ESUS) provides an operational definition. ESUS is diagnosed as a non-lacunar stroke on cerebral imaging and exclusion of large vessel atherosclerosis by CTA, MRA or ultrasound. Cardiogenic embolism is made less likely by ECG monitoring and echocardiography. At present, aspirin is used for secondary stroke prevention in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Based on the construct that ESUS might be caused by undetected atrial fibrillation or other embolic mechanisms, ongoing randomised secondary stroke prevention trials are comparing non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) with aspirin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.