ArticleBMJ open2017
Changes in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates over 20 years in National Capital Region of India: results from a repeat cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular risk factor management in selected Asian countries.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in South Asia: a systematic review.BMC nephrology · 2018Pooled it
- Comparison of dual therapies for hypertension treatment in India: a randomized clinical trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Structured Lifestyle Modification Interventions Involving Frontline Health Workers for Population-Level Blood Pressure Reduction: Results of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in India (DISHA Study).Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- Hypertension Treatment Cascade in Rural Delhi: Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control Among Adults.Cureus · 2026Article
- State-Level Variations in Hypertension Management and Cardiovascular Disease Risks in India: Public Spending on Health and Socioeconomic Inequalities.Gerontology · 2026Article
- Community-based evaluation of cardiovascular risk using QRISKBMC public health · 2025Article
- Temporal trends in adherence to lifestyle recommendations of patients with hypertension in Korea, 2007-2021.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment optimisation for blood pressure with single-pill combinations in India (TOPSPIN) - Protocol design and baseline characteristics.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Hypertension Among the Rural Adult Population in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular Diseases Among Indian Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2024Review
- GeogRaphic and socioecoNomic Distribution of real-world Indian data of home blood pressure monitoring (GRAND Study): Study protocol for an observational study in 18 medical centers across India.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023Article
- Sex-specific prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in adults in India: a study for developing sex-specific public policy from the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI) data 2017-2018.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2023Article
- The Pandemic of Coronary Heart Disease in South Asia: What Clinicians Need to Know.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2023Review
- Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control: an 8-year follow-up study from rural North India.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Hypertension treatment cascade in India: results from National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- Prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension and associated factors among Royal Thai Army personnel in Thailand from 2017 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Hypertension Control Cascade and Regional Performance in India: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis (2015-2021).Cureus · 2023Article
- Trends in the Prevalence of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Multimorbidity across Socioeconomic Gradients in Rural Southwest China.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesDespite being one of the leading risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, there are limited data on changes in hypertension burden and management from India. This study evaluates trend in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the urban and rural areas of India's National Capital Region (NCR). DESIGN AND
settingTwo representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in urban and rural areas (survey 1 (1991-1994); survey 2 (2010-2012)) of NCR using similar methodologies.
participantsA total of 3048 (mean age: 46.8±9.0 years; 52.3% women) and 2052 (mean age: 46.5±8.4 years; 54.2% women) subjects of urban areas and 2487 (mean age: 46.6±8.8 years; 57.0% women) and 1917 (mean age: 46.5±8.5 years; 51.3% women) subjects of rural areas were included in survey 1 and survey 2, respectively. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Hypertension was defined as per Joint National Committee VII guidelines. Structured questionnaire was used to measure the awareness and treatment status of hypertension. A mean systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg was defined as control of hypertension among the participants with hypertension.
resultsThe age and sex standardised prevalence of hypertension increased from 23.0% to 42.2% (p<0.001) and 11.2% to 28.9% (p<0.001) in urban and rural NCR, respectively. In both surveys, those with high education, alcohol use, obesity and high fasting blood glucose were at a higher risk for hypertension. However, the change in hypertension prevalence between the surveys was independent of these risk factors (adjusted OR (95% CI): urban (2.3 (2.0 to 2.7)) rural (3.1 (2.4 to 4.0))). Overall, there was no improvement in awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension in the population.
conclusionThere was marked increase in prevalence of hypertension over two decades with no improvement in management.
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