ArticleMicrobiome2017
Formula diet driven microbiota shifts tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to tryptamine in neonatal porcine colon.
Article in Microbiome, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neonatal diet alters fecal microbiota and metabolome profiles at different ages in infants fed breast milk or formula.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- Article
- Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut-brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Effect of Tryptophan Supplementation Levels on the Cecal Microbial Composition, Growth Performance, Immune Function and Antioxidant Capacity in Broilers.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Prenatal Intake of High Multivitamins or Folic Acid With or Without Choline Contributes to Gut Microbiota-Associated Dysregulation of Serotonin in Offspring.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Implementing the Role of Microbiota and Neuroimmune Interaction in Personalized Prevention-A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Diurnal oscillations of amino acids dynamically associate with microbiota and resistome in the colon of pigs.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in the gut microbiota of SPF Bama piglets during breast and formula feeding.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Infant Microbiota Communities and Human Milk Oligosaccharide Supplementation Independently and Synergistically Shape Metabolite Production and Immune Responses in Healthy Mice.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Biogenic amine tryptamine in human vaginal probiotic isolates mediates matrix inhibition and thwarts uropathogenic E. coli biofilm.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Microbiota from human infants consuming secretors or non-secretors mothers' milk impacts the gut and immune system in mice.mSystems · 2024Article
- Intrauterine Growth Restriction Affects Colonic Barrier FunctionAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Bridging the Mind and Gut: Uncovering the Intricacies of Neurotransmitters, Neuropeptides, and their Influence on Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Suppressive Effects ofBiomedicines · 2023Article
- A Review Focusing on Microbial Vertical Transmission during Sow Pregnancy.Veterinary sciences · 2023Review
- The Microbiota-Dependent Treatment of Wuzhuyu Decoction for Chronic Migraine Model Rat Associated with Anxiety-Depression Like Behavior.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2023Article
- Silymarin Modulates Microbiota in the Gut to Improve the Health of Sow from Late Gestation to Lactation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe gut microbiota of breast-fed and formula-fed infants differ significantly, as do the risks for allergies, gut dysfunction, and upper respiratory tract infections. The connections between breast milk, various formulas, and the profiles of gut bacteria to these childhood illnesses, as well as the mechanisms underlying the effects, are not well understood.
methodsWe investigated distal colon microbiota by 16S RNA amplicon sequencing, morphology by histomorphometry, immune response by cytokine expression, and tryptophan metabolism in a pig model in which piglets were sow-fed, or fed soy or dairy milk-based formula from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 21.
resultsFormula feeding significantly (p < 0.05) altered the colon microbiota relative to the sow feeding. A significant reduction in microbial diversity was noted with formula groups in comparison to sow-fed. Streptococcus, Blautia, Citrobacter, Butrycimonas, Parabacteroides, Lactococcus genera were increased with formula feeding relative to sow feeding. In addition, relative to sow feeding, Anaerotruncus, Akkermansia, Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Christensenella, and Holdemania were increased in milk-fed piglets, and Biliophila, Ruminococcus, Clostridium were increased in soy-fed piglets. No significant gut morphological changes were noted. However, higher cytokine mRNA expression (BMP4, CCL11, CCL21) was observed in the distal colon of formula groups. Formula feeding reduced enterochromaffin cell number and serotonin, but increased tryptamine levels relative to sow feeding.
conclusionOur data confirm that formula diet alters the colon microbiota and appears to shift tryptophan metabolism from serotonin to tryptamine, which may lead to greater histamine levels and risk of allergies in infants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.