ArticleCell host & microbe2017
HIV-1-Mediated Downmodulation of HLA-C Impacts Target Cell Recognition and Antiviral Activity of NK Cells.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innate immune imprints shape HIV-1 reservoir cell persistence during long-term antiretroviral therapy.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- HIV-1 infection of macrophages differentially primes NK-cell cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokine production.iScience · 2025Article
- Impact of the IL-15 superagonist N-803 on lymphatic reservoirs of HIV.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Viral manipulation of the HLA class I antigen processing and presentation pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Footprints of innate immune activity during HIV-1 reservoir cell evolution in early-treated infection.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Immunomodulatory Activity of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dasatinib to Elicit NK Cytotoxicity against Cancer, HIV Infection and Aging.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Mapping the interplay between NK cells and HIV: therapeutic implications.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2023Review
- NK cell education: Physiological and pathological influences.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Increased Prevalence of Unstable HLA-C Variants in HIV-1 Rapid-Progressor Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Engagement of TRAIL triggers degranulation and IFNγ production in human natural killer cells.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- Engaging innate immunity in HIV-1 cure strategies.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- Natural Killer Cells in Antibody Independent and Antibody Dependent HIV Control.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Host KIR/HLA-C Genotypes Determine HIV-Mediated Changes of the NK Cell Repertoire and Are Associated With Vpu Sequence Variations Impacting Downmodulation of HLA-C.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Negative Regulation and Protective Function of Natural Killer Cells in HIV Infection: Two Sides of a Coin.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The New Kid on the Block: HLA-C, a Key Regulator of Natural Killer Cells in Viral Immunity.Cells · 2021Review
- Licensing Natural Killers for Antiviral Immunity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- HIV-1 induced changes in HLA-C*03 : 04-presented peptide repertoires lead to reduced engagement of inhibitory natural killer cell receptors.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
It was widely accepted that HIV-1 downregulates HLA-A/B to avoid CTL recognition while leaving HLA-C unaltered in order to prevent NK cell activation by engaging inhibitory NK cell receptors, but it was recently observed that most primary isolates of HIV-1 can mediate HLA-C downmodulation. Now we report that HIV-1-mediated downmodulation of HLA-C was associated with reduced binding to its respective inhibitory receptors. Despite this, HLA-C-licensed NK cells displayed reduced antiviral activity compared to their unlicensed counterparts, potentially due to residual binding to the respective inhibitory receptors. Nevertheless, NK cells were able to sense alterations of HLA-C expression demonstrated by increased antiviral activity when exposed to viral strains with differential abilities to downmodulate HLA-C. These results suggest that the capability of HLA-C-licensed NK cells to control HIV-1 replication is determined by the strength of KIR/HLA-C interactions and is thus dependent on both host genetics and the extent of virus-mediated HLA-C downregulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.