ArticlePloS one2017
Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling of mortality in relation to malaria incidence in Western Kenya.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Malaria microscopy evaluation and quality assurance in rural clinics of Rarieda and Alego Usonga sub-counties of Siaya County, western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- A comparison of all-cause and HIV cause-specific mortality among children under 5 years of age before and during COVID-19 in Kenya, 2018-2022.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal models with confounding effects: application on under-five mortality across four sub-Saharan African countries.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with malaria among children aged 6 months to 10 years in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana: a community-based cross-sectional survey.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- The effects of climatic and non-climatic factors on malaria mortality at different spatial scales in western Kenya, 2008-2019.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Plasmodium falciparum msp-1 and msp-2 genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in isolates from Congolese patients in the Republic of Congo.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Public health determinants of child malaria mortality: a surveillance study within Siaya County, Western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Article
- Characterizing the Spatial Determinants and Prevention of Malaria in Kenya.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Malaria-anemia comorbidity prevalence as a measure of malaria-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Modelling the relationship between malaria prevalence as a measure of transmission and mortality across age groups.Malaria journal · 2019Article
- Malaria smear positivity among Kenyan children peaks at intermediate temperatures as predicted by ecological models.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThe effect of malaria exposure on mortality using health facility incidence data as a measure of transmission has not been well investigated. Health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSS) routinely capture data on mortality, interventions and other household related indicators, offering a unique platform for estimating and monitoring the incidence-mortality relationship in space and time.
methodsMortality data from the HDSS located in Western Kenya collected from 2007 to 2012 and linked to health facility incidence data were analysed using Bayesian spatio-temporal survival models to investigate the relation between mortality (all-cause/malaria-specific) and malaria incidence across all age groups. The analysis adjusted for insecticide-treated net (ITN) ownership, socio-economic status (SES), distance to health facilities and altitude. The estimates obtained were used to quantify excess mortality due to malaria exposure.
resultsOur models identified a strong positive relationship between slide positivity rate (SPR) and all-cause mortality in young children 1-4 years (HR = 4.29; 95% CI: 2.78-13.29) and all ages combined (HR = 1.55; 1.04-2.80). SPR had a strong positive association with malaria-specific mortality in young children (HR = 9.48; 5.11-37.94), however, in older children (5-14 years), it was associated with a reduction in malaria specific mortality (HR = 0.02; 0.003-0.33).
conclusionSPR as a measure of transmission captures well the association between malaria transmission intensity and all-cause/malaria mortality. This offers a quick and efficient way to monitor malaria burden. Excess mortality estimates indicate that small changes in malaria incidence substantially reduce overall and malaria specific mortality.
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