ArticleMicrobiome2017
Longitudinal development of the gut microbiome and metabolome in preterm neonates with late onset sepsis and healthy controls.
Article in Microbiome, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06893939 (Limited Versus Extended Trophic Feeding), which is not on this map. Cited by 176 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Limited Versus Extended Trophic Feeding (LET-FEED) Trial
Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 278 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Prebiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Synbiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of prebiotics on sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality, feeding intolerance, time to full enteral feeding, length of hospital stay, and stool frequency in preterm infants: a meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Synbiotic supplementation leads to gut microbiome communities with functional capacity linked to better brain white matter development in preterm infants.Gut microbes · 2026Trial
- Bifidobacterium regulates premature infant gut metabolites, reducing serum inflammatory factors: a randomised controlled trial.Pediatric research · 2025Trial
- Effect of an Exclusive Human Milk Diet on the Gut Microbiome in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Effects ofCell reports. Medicine · 2021Trial
- Early risk stratification of late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants by intestinal microbiota profiling: a multicenter case-control validation study.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Ecology of protection: probiotic biogeography and sepsis prevention in the neonatal intestine.mBio · 2026Article
- Gut dysbiosis‑derived butyrate loss predicts feeding intolerance: Multiomics evidence guiding nurse‑driven microbiota‑supportive interventions (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for Necrotising Enterocolitis-Are We There Yet?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Meconium Microbiome Maturation Patterns Linked to Postnatal Growth Failure in Neonates.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Longitudinal fecal amino acid profiles in extremely preterm infants: early-life determinants and associations with late-onset sepsis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Factors influencing preterm infant microbiota and their role in wheezing development.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- A Review of Probiotic Interventions for Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Sepsis in Preterm Infants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- An adaptive weight self-distillation deep learning framework for phenotype prediction from longitudinal gut microbiome data.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLate onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. While studies have implicated gut bacteria in the aetiology of the disease, functional analysis and mechanistic insights are generally lacking. We performed temporal bacterial (n = 613) and metabolomic (n = 63) profiling on extensively sampled stool from 7 infants with LOS and 28 matched healthy (no LOS or NEC) controls.
resultsThe bacteria isolated in diagnostic blood culture usually corresponded to the dominant bacterial genera in the gut microbiome. Longitudinal changes were monitored based on preterm gut community types (PGCTs), where control infants had an increased number of PGCTs compared to LOS infants (P = 0.011). PGCT 6, characterised by Bifidobacteria dominance, was only present in control infants. Metabolite profiles differed between LOS and control infants at diagnosis and 7 days later, but not 7 days prior to diagnosis. Bifidobacteria was positively correlated with control metabolites, including raffinose, sucrose, and acetic acid.
conclusionsUsing multi-omic analysis, we show that the gut microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of LOS. While the causative agent of LOS varies, it is usually abundant in the gut. Bifidobacteria dominance was associated with control infants, and the presence of this organism may directly protect, or act as a marker for protection, against gut epithelial translocation. While the metabolomic data is preliminary, the findings support that gut development and protection in preterm infants is associated with increased in prebiotic oligosaccharides (e.g. raffinose) and the growth of beneficial bacteria (e.g. Bifidobacterium).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.