ArticlePloS one2017
Pediatric autoimmune hepatitis shows a disproportionate decline of regulatory T cells in the liver and of IL-2 in the blood of patients undergoing therapy.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- An imbalance between CD80 and CD86 levels and CD4 regulatory T cell number and transendocytosis function exists in the liver in autoimmune hepatitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Article
- The Role of Novel Immunomodulators in the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Tipping the balance in autoimmunity: are regulatory t cells the cause, the cure, or both?Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2024Review
- Regulation of Treg cells by cytokine signaling and co-stimulatory molecules.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Dysregulated Cyclic Nucleotide Metabolism in Alcohol-Associated Steatohepatitis: Implications for Novel Targeted Therapies.Biology · 2023Article
- CD4+ T-cell subsets in autoimmune hepatitis: A review.Hepatology communications · 2023Review
- Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in childhood.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2023Review
- Regulatory T-cell deficiency leads to features of autoimmune liver disease overlap syndrome in scurfy mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- [Role of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Standard immunosuppressive treatment reduces regulatory B cells in children with autoimmune liver disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hepatitis-Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Activation of AMPKα1 is essential for regulatory T cell function and autoimmune liver disease prevention.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Article
- Exploring the Pathogenic Role and Therapeutic Implications of Interleukin 2 in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2021Review
- Regulatory T cells in autoimmune hepatitis: an updated overview.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Review
- Clinicopathological analysis of hepatic immune-related adverse events in comparison with autoimmune hepatitis and graft-versus host disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming of Regulatory T Cells in Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Dysfunctional Immune Regulation in Autoimmune Hepatitis: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Hepatitis: Unveiling Their Roles in Mouse Models and Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies in Juvenile Autoimmune Hepatitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Review
- [Autoimmune hepatitis-standard and second-line therapy].Der Internist · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsThe autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic hepatitis driven by the adaptive immunity that affects all age groups. A functional and numerical regulatory T cell (Treg) defect has been reported in pediatric AIH (pAIH), while an intrahepatic increase in adult AIH (aAIH) patients has been detected in current research findings.
methodsTherefore, we quantified the intrahepatic numbers of Treg, T and B cells, as well as serum cytokine levels before and during therapy in pAIH.
resultsWe found a disproportional intrahepatic enrichment of Tregs in untreated pAIH compared to pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The increase of Treg/total T cells was even more pronounced than in aAIH due to fewer infiltrating T and B cells. Portal densities of Treg, as well as total T and B cells, declined significantly during therapy. However, portal Treg densities decreased disproportionately, leading to even decreasing ratios of Treg to T and B cells during therapy. Out of 28 serum cytokines IL-2 showed the strongest (10fold) decrease under therapy. This decline of IL-2 was associated with decreasing intrahepatic Treg numbers under therapy. None of the baseline T and B cell infiltration parameters were associated with the subsequent treatment response in pAIH.
conclusionsIntrahepatic Tregs are rather enriched in untreated pAIH. The disproportional decrease of Tregs during therapy may be caused by a decrease of IL-2 levels. New therapies should, therefore, aim in strengthening intrahepatic immune regulation.
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