Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28700455›Full record

SynthesisSpine2018

Perioperative Ketamine for Analgesia in Spine Surgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Arif Pendi, Ryan Field, Saifal-Deen Farhan, Martin Eichler, S Samuel Bederman

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Spine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
10.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06774274 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Analgesic Efficacy of Intravenous Ketamine as a Continuous Infusion vs PCA in the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain in Major Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad de AntioquiaRan2025 to 2027Enrolled120ConditionsPain, Postoperative, Opioid Use, Major SurgeryArmsKetamine infusion, PCA Ketamine
NCT07452705 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) With Ketamine-Morphine (PCA KetaMorph) vs PCA Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia in Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery - A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MalayaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled114ConditionsAdolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)ArmsKetamine-Morphine PCA, Morphine (Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Guideline
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Sedation and analgesia strategies in the neuro intensive care unit.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Arif PendiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA.
Ryan FieldDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, UCI School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA.
Saifal-Deen FarhanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA.
Martin EichlerDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
S Samuel BedermanRestore Orthopedics and Spine Center, Orange, CA.
University of California, Irvine · USKantonsspital St. Gallen · CH

Funding

University of California Health Participation in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)UL1TR001414 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI COOPER, DAN M, VILAIN, ERIC J. · 2015 to 2023
$35.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

designA meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of perioperative supplemental ketamine to reduce postoperative opioid analgesic consumption following spine surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although low-dose supplemental ketamine has been known to reduce pain after surgery, there is conflicting evidence regarding whether ketamine can be effective to reduce opioid consumption following spine surgery.

methodsComprehensive search of PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for prospective RCTs, Web of Science, and Scopus. Patients who received supplemental ketamine were compared with the control group in terms of postoperative morphine equivalent consumption, pain scores, and adverse events. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to describe continuous outcomes. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were applied to dichotomous outcomes.

resultsA total of 14 RCTs comprising 649 patients were selected for inclusion into the meta-analysis. Patients who were administered adjunctive ketamine exhibited less cumulative morphine equivalent consumption at 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours following spine surgery (all Ps < 0.05). The ketamine group also reported lower postoperative pain scores at 6, 12, and 24 hours (all Ps < 0.05). None of the adverse events studied attained statistical significance (all Ps > 0.05).

conclusionSupplemental perioperative ketamine reduces postoperative opioid consumption up to 24 hours following spine surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1.

Indexed as

AnalgesiaAnalgesicsAnalgesics, OpioidHumansKetamineMorphinePain ManagementPerioperative CarePostoperative PainProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnalgesicsAnalgesics, OpioidKetamineMorphine

Identifiers

PMID28700455
PMCPMC5846492
OpenAlexW2736294367

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.