Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28698671›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

Morphology, composition, and mixing state of primary particles from combustion sources - crop residue, wood, and solid waste.

Lei Liu, Shaofei Kong, Yinxiao Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Liang Xu, Qin Yan, A P Lingaswamy, Zongbo Shi, Senlin Lv, Hongya Niu and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Lei LiuEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7171-1454
Shaofei KongSchool of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Yinxiao ZhangEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Yuanyuan WangEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Liang XuEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Qin YanCollege of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
A P LingaswamyEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
Zongbo ShiSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Senlin LvSchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Hongya NiuKey Laboratory of Resource Exploration Research of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China.
Longyi ShaoState Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100086, China.
Min HuState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Daizhou ZhangFaculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1448-2325
Jianmin ChenShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5859-3070
Xiaoye ZhangKey Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Institute of Atmospheric Composition, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Weijun LiEnvironment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China. liweijun@zju.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-4887-4260

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Morphology, composition, and mixing state of individual particles emitted from crop residue, wood, and solid waste combustion in a residential stove were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our study showed that particles from crop residue and apple wood combustion were mainly organic matter (OM) in smoldering phase, whereas soot-OM internally mixed with K in flaming phase. Wild grass combustion in flaming phase released some Cl-rich-OM/soot particles and cardboard combustion released OM and S-rich particles. Interestingly, particles from hardwood (pear wood and bamboo) and softwood (cypress and pine wood) combustion were mainly soot and OM in the flaming phase, respectively. The combustion of foam boxes, rubber tires, and plastic bottles/bags in the flaming phase released large amounts of soot internally mixed with a small amount of OM, whereas the combustion of printed circuit boards and copper-core cables emitted large amounts of OM with Br-rich inclusions. In addition, the printed circuit board combustion released toxic metals containing Pb, Zn, Sn, and Sb. The results are important to document properties of primary particles from combustion sources, which can be used to trace the sources of ambient particles and to know their potential impacts in human health and radiative forcing in the air.

Indexed as

Solid WasteAerosolsCopperCrops, AgriculturalSpectrometry, X-Ray EmissionWoodAerosolsCopperSolid Waste

Identifiers

PMID28698671
PMCPMC5505958

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.