ArticleJournal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences2017
Analytical methodologies for broad metabolite coverage of exhaled breath condensate.
Article in Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exhaled breath condensate profiles of U.S. Navy divers following prolonged hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and nitrogen-oxygen (Nitrox) chamber exposures.Journal of breath research · 2023Trial
- Harnessing breath biomarkers for pneumonia diagnosis and prognosis.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Recent Accomplishments in Exhaled Breath Condensate Analysis - Molecular Aspects.Current molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Molecular profiling of exhaled breath condensate in respiratory diseases.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of lung oxidative stress and inflammatory state using exhaled breath condensate analysis in early-life arsenic exposure.Journal of breath research · 2025Article
- Impacts of vaping and marijuana use on airway health as determined by exhaled breath condensate (EBC).Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Cellular respiration and amino acid metabolism is altered by dietary oligosaccharides inFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Evidence of abnormality in glutathione metabolism in the airways of preterm born children with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Oxylipin concentration shift in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.Journal of breath research · 2023Article
- Predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant impacts accuracy when screening for infection using exhaled breath vapor.Communications medicine · 2022Article
- Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical exhaled breath condensate samples for metabolomic analysis.Journal of breath research · 2021Article
- Exhaled breath biomarkers of influenza infection and influenza vaccination.Journal of breath research · 2021Article
- Novel LC-MS-TOF method to detect and quantify ascorbic and uric acid simultaneously in different biological matrices.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences · 2021Article
- Investigating the relationship between breath aerosol size and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) metabolomic content.Journal of breath research · 2020Article
- Could breath analysis by MS could be a solution to rapid, non-invasive testing for COVID-19?Bioanalysis · 2020Article
- Breath carbonyl levels in a human population of seven hundred participants.Journal of breath research · 2020Article
- Detecting opioid metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC).Journal of breath research · 2019Article
- Power-efficient self-cleaning hydrophilic condenser surface for portable exhaled breath condensate (EBC) metabolomic sampling.Journal of breath research · 2018Article
- Effect of temperature control on the metabolite content in exhaled breath condensate.Analytica chimica acta · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breath analysis has been gaining popularity as a non-invasive technique that is amenable to a broad range of medical uses. One of the persistent problems hampering the wide application of the breath analysis method is measurement variability of metabolite abundances stemming from differences in both sampling and analysis methodologies used in various studies. Mass spectrometry has been a method of choice for comprehensive metabolomic analysis. For the first time in the present study, we juxtapose the most commonly employed mass spectrometry-based analysis methodologies and directly compare the resultant coverages of detected compounds in exhaled breath condensate in order to guide methodology choices for exhaled breath condensate analysis studies. Four methods were explored to broaden the range of measured compounds across both the volatile and non-volatile domain. Liquid phase sampling with polyacrylate Solid-Phase MicroExtraction fiber, liquid phase extraction with a polydimethylsiloxane patch, and headspace sampling using Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane Solid-Phase MicroExtraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry were tested for the analysis of volatile fraction. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and reversed-phase chromatography high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry were used for analysis of non-volatile fraction. We found that liquid phase breath condensate extraction was notably superior compared to headspace extraction and differences in employed sorbents manifested altered metabolite coverages. The most pronounced effect was substantially enhanced metabolite capture for larger, higher-boiling compounds using polyacrylate SPME liquid phase sampling. The analysis of the non-volatile fraction of breath condensate by hydrophilic and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry indicated orthogonal metabolite coverage by these chromatography modes. We found that the metabolite coverage could be enhanced significantly with the use of organic solvent as a device rinse after breath sampling to collect the non-aqueous fraction as opposed to neat breath condensate sample. Here, we show the detected ranges of compounds in each case and provide a practical guide for methodology selection for optimal detection of specific compounds.
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