ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2017
Modulating the Cellular Immune Response of Oligonucleotides by Brush Polymer-Assisted Compaction.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanomedicines in Hypoxic Tumors and Their Therapeutic Promise in Oral Cancer.Polymers · 2025Review
- Enabling safer, more potent oligonucleotide therapeutics with bottlebrush polymer conjugates.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024Article
- A mechanistic study on the cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and antisense gene regulation of bottlebrush polymer-conjugated oligonucleotides.RSC chemical biology · 2023Article
- Exploring the Structural Diversity of DNA Bottlebrush Polymers Using an Oligonucleotide Macromonomer Approach.Macromolecules · 2022Article
- Functional DNA-Polymer Conjugates.Chemical reviews · 2021Review
- Bottlebrush Polymer-Conjugated Melittin Exhibits Enhanced Antitumor Activity and Better Safety Profile.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2021Article
- Biomolecular Densely Grafted Brush Polymers: Oligonucleotides, Oligosaccharides and Oligopeptides.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020Review
- Non-cationic Material Design for Nucleic Acid Delivery.Advanced therapeutics · 2020Article
- Expanding the materials space of DNA via organic-phase ring-opening metathesis polymerization.Chem · 2019Article
- Bottlebrush-architectured poly(ethylene glycol) as an efficient vector for RNA interference in vivo.Science advances · 2019Article
- Improving the Enzymatic Stability and the Pharmacokinetics of Oligonucleotides via DNA-Backboned Bottlebrush Polymers.Nano letters · 2018Article
- PEGylation of therapeutic oligonucletides: From linear to highly branched PEG architectures.Nano research · 2018Article
- PEGylated dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles with low immunogenicity for targeted gene delivery.RSC advances · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Unwanted stimulation of the innate immune system by foreign nucleic acids has been one of the major barriers preventing bioactive sequences from reaching market. Foreign nucleic acids can be recognized by multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which trigger a signaling cascade to activate host defense systems, leading to a range of side effects. This study demonstrates that polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified DNA strands can greatly reduce the activation of the innate immune system, and the extent of reduction is dependent upon polymer architecture. Highly branched brushes with long PEG side chains achieve the best suppression by blocking PRR interactions via a local steric effect. Interestingly, the brush polymer creates little barrier toward DNA-DNA interaction. Quantification of inflammatory cytokines in both mRNA and protein levels as well as the extent of cellular uptake shows a direct correlation between steric congestion and reduction of cellular immune response. These results suggest that the brush architecture offers unique advantages for PEGylating oligonucleotides in the context of minimizing unwanted immune system activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.