ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2017
White-Coat Effect Is Uncommon in Patients With Refractory Hypertension.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Refractory Hypertension: a Narrative Systematic Review with Emphasis on Prognosis.Current hypertension reports · 2022Pooled it
- Attended Versus Unattended Automated Office Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2019Pooled it
- Unattended versus attended automated office blood pressure: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using the same methodology for both methods.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Pooled it
- Target Blood Pressure Values in Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- The Influence of Factors such as Anxiety on the White Coat Effect during the Treatment of Patients with Hypertension.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Relations between white coat effect of blood pressure and arterial stiffness.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- An Update on Refractory Hypertension.Current hypertension reports · 2022Review
- Prevalence and clinical profile of refractory hypertension in a large cohort of patients with resistant hypertension.Journal of human hypertension · 2021Article
- Refractory hypertension: what do we know so far?Journal of human hypertension · 2021Article
- Refractory Hypertension and Risks of Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Observational
- Reserpine Substantially Lowers Blood Pressure in Patients With Refractory Hypertension: A Proof-of-Concept Study.American journal of hypertension · 2020Article
- Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Confirmation of True Refractory Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2020Article
- Refractory Hypertension Is not Attributable to Intravascular Fluid Retention as Determined by Intracardiac Volumes.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2018Article
- Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Refractory Hypertension.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Article
- Refractory versus resistant hypertension: Novel distinctive phenotypes.Journal of nature and science · 2017Article
- Resistant and refractory hypertension: two sides of the same disease?Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Refractory hypertension is a recently described phenotype of antihypertensive treatment failure defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) despite the use of ≥5 different antihypertensive agents, including chlorthalidone and spironolactone. Recent studies indicate that refractory hypertension is uncommon, with a prevalence of ≈5% to 10% of patients referred to a hypertension specialty clinic for uncontrolled hypertension. The prevalence of white-coat effect, that is, uncontrolled automated office BP ≥135/85 mm Hg and controlled out-of-office BP <135/85 mm Hg, by awake ambulatory BP monitor in hypertensive patients overall is ≈30% to 40%. The prevalence of white-coat effect among patients with refractory hypertension has not been previously reported. In this prospective evaluation, consecutive patients referred to the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hypertension Clinic for uncontrolled hypertension were enrolled. Refractory hypertension was defined as uncontrolled automated office BP ≥135/85 mm Hg with the use of ≥5 antihypertensive agents, including chlorthalidone and spironolactone. Automated office BP measurements were based on 6 serial readings, done automatically with the use of a BpTRU device unobserved in the clinic. Out-of-office BP measurements were done by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitor. Thirty-four patients were diagnosed with refractory hypertension, of whom 31 had adequate ambulatory BP monitor readings. White-coat effect was present in only 2 patients, or 6.5% of the 31 patients with refractory hypertension, suggesting that white-coat effect is largely absent in patients with refractory hypertension. These findings suggest that white-coat effect is not a common cause of apparent lack of BP control in patients failing maximal antihypertensive treatment.
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