ArticleInternational ophthalmology2018
Macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness for detection of early retinal toxicity of hydroxychloroquine.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography in Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of ganglion cell complex in patients taking hydroxychloroquine.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Application of SS-OCTA to evaluate the effects of long-term hydroxychloroquine treatment on retinal structure and microcirculation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Association between hydroxychloroquine intake and damage to the outer nuclear layer in eyes without manifest retinal toxicity.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The assessment of structural and functional test results for early detection of hydroxychloroquine macular toxicity.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Hydroxychloroquine Causes Early Inner Retinal Toxicity and Affects Autophagosome-Lysosomal Pathway and Sphingolipid Metabolism in the Retina.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Plasma homocysteine and macular thickness in older adults-the Rugao Longevity and Aging Study.Eye (London, England) · 2022Article
- The interplay of autophagy and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and therapy of retinal degenerative diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2022Review
- Evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography parameters in patients treated with Hydroxychloroquine.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Outer Nuclear Layer Damage for Detection of Early Retinal Toxicity of Hydroxychloroquine.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Hyperhomocysteinemia-induced death of retinal ganglion cells: The role of Müller glial cells and NRF2.Redox biology · 2019Article
- Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness by swept-source optical coherence tomography in healthy Korean children: Normative data and biometric correlations.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Decreased perifoveal ganglion cell complex thickness - a first sign for macular damage in patients using hydroxychloroquine.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study evaluated the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness using spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with chronic exposure to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).
methodsA total of 90 patients (90 eyes) treated with HCQ for at least 5 years and normal controls were included in the study. A fundus examination, automated threshold perimetry, and GC-IPL thickness measurements using the Cirrus high-definition OCT ganglion cell analysis algorithm were performed in all patients treated with HCQ. Average, minimum, and sectorial macular GC-IPL thicknesses were compared between the patients and controls.
resultsThere was no statistically significant difference in age or sex between the groups. The anterior segment and fundoscopy were normal in all patients and controls. Visual field (VF) testing was normal in all patients. The average, minimum, and sectorial macular GC-IPL thicknesses were significantly lower in patients than those in control subjects.
conclusionsThere was significant thinning of the macular GC-IPL in the absence of clinically evident HCQ-related retinopathy and VF abnormalities. Measurements of the macular GC-IPL thickness using SD-OCT may therefore be useful in the early diagnosis and in monitoring the progression of retinal changes in patients receiving long-term HCQ therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28695378What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.