Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28694615›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurosciences in rural practice

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder among Rural, Urban, and Tribal Children (1-10 Years of Age).

Sunil Kumar Raina, Vishav Chander, Ashok K Bhardwaj, Dinesh Kumar, Seema Sharma, Vipasha Kashyap, Mitasha Singh, Amit Bhardwaj

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurosciences in rural practice. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Global prevalence of autism: A systematic review update.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. What is autism?Pharmacological reports : PR · 2021
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Survey of autism spectrum disorder in Chandigarh, India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sunil Kumar RainaDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Vishav ChanderDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Ashok K BhardwajDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Dinesh KumarDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Seema SharmaDepartment of Paediatrics, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Vipasha KashyapDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Mitasha SinghDepartment of Community Medicine, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Amit BhardwajDepartment of Neurology, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Government Medical College · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionStudies on autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have largely focused on children in specific settings. The current scenario of research in ASDs is limited largely to clinic-based case reports, case series, and retrospective chart reviews. The present study is the first population-based prevalence study conducted across rural, urban, and tribal populations in India. MATERIALS AND

methodsA cross-sectional two-phase study was conducted covering children in the age group of 1-10 years of age across geographical regions representing rural, urban, and tribal populations. The first phase (screening phase) involved administration of the Hindi version of the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism. Those identified as suspected of ASD and 10% of all classified as nonsuspects for autism were also evaluated by the clinical team in second phase (evaluation phase).

resultsForty-three children out of a total of 28,070 children in rural, urban, and tribal area in the age group of 1-10 years were diagnosed as cases of ASD yielding a prevalence of 0.15% (95% confidence interval [CI] =0.15-0.25). Logistic regression analysis showed a two times significantly higher risk of diagnosing ASD in rural area as compared to tribal (odds ratio [OR]; 95% CI = 2.17 [1.04-4.52],

conclusionsEstimation of true prevalence of ASD in India is going to improve policies on developmental disabilities.

Indexed as

Autism spectrum disorderchildrenprevalenceruraltribalurban

Identifiers

PMID28694615
PMCPMC5488556
OpenAlexW2625045926

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.