ArticleScientific reports2017
Asymptomatic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in a Middle-Aged Population in Taiwan - A Cross-sectional Analysis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of asymptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Association between dyslipidaemia and dry eye disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Pain sensitivity and autonomic nervous system parameters as predictors of dry eye symptoms after LASIK.The ocular surface · 2021Trial
- Association between statin use and dry eye disease in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population-based retrospective cohort study.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Clinical Practice Guidelines.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Dyslipidemia Exacerbates Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Association of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction with Oral Statin Use.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Serum Lipid Level with Meibum Biosynthesis and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The Association Between Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Meibomian Gland Disease in a Dry Eye Cohort.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Risk factors for the occurrence of visual-threatening posterior capsule opacification.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Gout as a Risk Factor for Dry Eye Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Managing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is the key to prevent CVD. This study aimed to prevent CVD by introducing asymptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a condition associated with various CVD risk factors, as an early indicator for CVD in middle-aged population. Participants with and without asymptomatic MGD underwent standardized questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory investigations. One ophthalmologist completed the identification and grading of MGD by using slit-lamp biomicroscopy examination on the eyelid margins, meibomian gland orifices, and meibomian gland secretions. Standardized techniques were used to measure the CVD risk factor parameters. After adjusted for age and gender, CVD risk factors including elevated uric acid (P = 0.01), total cholesterol (Total-C, P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, P < 0.001), fasting triglyceride (Fasting TG, P < 0.001), decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, P = 0.04), and presence of hepatic steatosis (P = 0.008) were significantly associated with asymptomatic MGD. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that LDL-C (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04) and Fasting TG (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01) levels were risk factors for having asymptomatic MGD (P < 0.001). Together, the results suggest that asymptomatic MGD may serve as an indicator for CVD.
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