ArticleFrontiers in psychology2017
Unconscious Processing of Facial Expressions in Individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Problematic Gaming and Gambling: A Systematic Review of Task-Specific EEG Protocols.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Gaming and Neuropsychological Assessment of Social Cognition.Neuropsychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiology and Neurophysiological Stimulation of Internet Gaming Disorders: A Systematic Review.Current cardiology reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Ensemble coding of crowd facial emotion in Internet gaming disorder under the emotional interference condition: An ERP study.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2025Article
- Facial Emotional Expression in Reaction to Internet Gaming Videos Among Young Adults: A Preliminary and Exploratory Study.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Impairments of Sociocognitive Functions in Individuals with Behavioral Addictions: A Review Article.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Review
- Online Assessment of Social Cognition in a Population of Gamers and Gamblers: Results of the eSMILE Study.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Article
- Neural Mechanisms of the Conscious and Subliminal Processing of Facial Attractiveness.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- EEG Parameter Selection Reflecting the Characteristics of Internet Gaming Disorder While Playing League of Legends.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Longitudinal association between parental involvement and internet gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents: Consideration of future consequences as a mediator and peer victimization as a moderator.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2022Article
- Sexual preference for prepubescent children is associated with enhanced processing of child faces in juveniles.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Article
- Neurophysiological Markers of Internet Gaming Disorder: A Literature Review of Electroencephalography Studies.Cureus · 2021Review
- Identification of Video Game Addiction Using Heart-Rate Variability Parameters.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Case-Control Study on Behavioral Addictions and Neurocognition: Description of the BANCO and BANCO2 Protocols.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2021Article
- Automatic Processing Advantage of Cartoon Face in Internet Gaming Disorder: Evidence From P100, N170, P200, and MMN.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- Neurobiological Correlates in Internet Gaming Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is characterized by impairments in social communication and the avoidance of social contact. Facial expression processing is the basis of social communication. However, few studies have investigated how individuals with IGD process facial expressions, and whether they have deficits in emotional facial processing remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore these two issues by investigating the time course of emotional facial processing in individuals with IGD. A backward masking task was used to investigate the differences between individuals with IGD and normal controls (NC) in the processing of subliminally presented facial expressions (sad, happy, and neutral) with event-related potentials (ERPs). The behavioral results showed that individuals with IGD are slower than NC in response to both sad and neutral expressions in the sad-neutral context. The ERP results showed that individuals with IGD exhibit decreased amplitudes in ERP component N170 (an index of early face processing) in response to neutral expressions compared to happy expressions in the happy-neutral expressions context, which might be due to their expectancies for positive emotional content. The NC, on the other hand, exhibited comparable N170 amplitudes in response to both happy and neutral expressions in the happy-neutral expressions context, as well as sad and neutral expressions in the sad-neutral expressions context. Both individuals with IGD and NC showed comparable ERP amplitudes during the processing of sad expressions and neutral expressions. The present study revealed that individuals with IGD have different unconscious neutral facial processing patterns compared with normal individuals and suggested that individuals with IGD may expect more positive emotion in the happy-neutral expressions context. HIGHLIGHTS: • The present study investigated whether the unconscious processing of facial expressions is influenced by excessive online gaming. A validated backward masking paradigm was used to investigate whether individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and normal controls (NC) exhibit different patterns in facial expression processing.• The results demonstrated that individuals with IGD respond differently to facial expressions compared with NC on a preattentive level. Behaviorally, individuals with IGD are slower than NC in response to both sad and neutral expressions in the sad-neutral context. The ERP results further showed (1) decreased amplitudes in the N170 component (an index of early face processing) in individuals with IGD when they process neutral expressions compared with happy expressions in the happy-neutral expressions context, whereas the NC exhibited comparable N170 amplitudes in response to these two expressions; (2) both the IGD and NC group demonstrated similar N170 amplitudes in response to sad and neutral faces in the sad-neutral expressions context.• The decreased amplitudes of N170 to neutral faces than happy faces in individuals with IGD might due to their less expectancies for neutral content in the happy-neutral expressions context, while individuals with IGD may have no different expectancies for neutral and sad faces in the sad-neutral expressions context.
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