ArticleBiological psychiatry2018
Replicable and Coupled Changes in Innate and Adaptive Immune Gene Expression in Two Case-Control Studies of Blood Microarrays in Major Depressive Disorder.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06182722 (Association of Peripheral Immune Cells With Antidepressant Treatment Response), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of Peripheral Immune Cells With Antidepressant Treatment Response
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systems-level transcriptomic analysis reveals synapse-related gene dysregulation in peripheral leukocytes of MDD patients.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Peripheral blood cellular immunophenotype in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Potential Pleiotropic Genes and Shared Biological Pathways in Epilepsy and Depression Based on GWAS Summary Statistics.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Pro-inflammatory Monocyte Phenotype and Cell-Specific Steroid Signaling Alterations in Unmedicated Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
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- From Gut to Mind: Impact of Probiotics on Depression, Anxiety, Mood, Gut Microbiota, Sleep and Stress-A Systematic Review of RCTs.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- Psychological stress during medical internship is associated with inflammatory signatures linked to mental health.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- IL-17A in the hippocampus regulates despair-like behaviors via inhibitory synaptic transmission.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
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- Shared Immunogenetic Basis Between Spleen Volume and Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- [KLF10 overexpression alleviates neuroinflammation and anxiety-depressive disorder in rats by downregulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Exploration and Validation of the Diagnostic Potential of the Circadian Rhythm-Related Genes CCL23 and VNN1 in Adolescents with Depressive Disorder.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- MKRN1 as a prioritized drug target for postpartum depression: evidence from druggable proteome profiling and multi-layer validation.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune dysregulation and comorbidity mechanisms of major depressive disorder and migraine.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Evidence Linking Depression to MASLD Risk via Inflammatory Immune Signaling.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Pan-Cancer Analysis of a Depression-Related Gene Signature Identifies an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment and Links to Immunotherapy Response in Breast Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Article
- Association Between Tctex1 Domain Containing 1 Expression and Major Depressive Disorder.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Peripheral blood CADM1 expression and multi-gene signatures in depressive disorders: a pilot case-control study from the United Arab Emirates.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Chronic Inflammation and Neuroprogression in the Pathophysiology in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeripheral inflammation is often associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), and immunological biomarkers of depression remain a focus of investigation.
methodsWe used microarray data on whole blood from two independent case-control studies of MDD: the GlaxoSmithKline-High-Throughput Disease-specific target Identification Program [GSK-HiTDiP] study (113 patients and 57 healthy control subjects) and the Janssen-Brain Resource Company study (94 patients and 100 control subjects). Genome-wide differential gene expression analysis (18,863 probes) resulted in a p value for each gene in each study. A Bayesian method identified the largest p-value threshold (q = .025) associated with twice the number of genes differentially expressed in both studies compared with the number of coincidental case-control differences expected by chance.
resultsA total of 165 genes were differentially expressed in both studies with concordant direction of fold change. The 90 genes overexpressed (or UP genes) in MDD were significantly enriched for immune response to infection, were concentrated in a module of the gene coexpression network associated with innate immunity, and included clusters of genes with correlated expression in monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, and neutrophils. In contrast, the 75 genes underexpressed (or DOWN genes) in MDD were associated with the adaptive immune response and included clusters of genes with correlated expression in T cells, natural killer cells, and erythroblasts. Consistently, the MDD patients with overexpression of UP genes also had underexpression of DOWN genes (correlation > .70 in both studies).
conclusionsMDD was replicably associated with proinflammatory activation of the peripheral innate immune system, coupled with relative inactivation of the adaptive immune system, indicating the potential of transcriptional biomarkers for immunological stratification of patients with depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.